constitution · epochs · watch · epoch 3

comparison

c_55666fe32c48 (tommy-mor) vs c_2f5d9e0370f8 (tommy-mor)

download prompt · raw event · cmp_75d994c557cba7

council reasoning

~anthropic/claude-sonnet-latest · winner A · 3:1 · permalink

Side A fixes a real logic bug (zero-ratio votes silently defaulted to 1:1 instead of being rejected/dropped) and adds sensible bounds with focused, well-tested changes across parser, handler, and reducer. Side B is a large syntax-reordering refactor (moving explanation blocks before votes/items) that touches many files and fixtures but is mostly mechanical churn with no functional bugfix, and even changes the DSL in a way that could be seen as a regression in ergonomics (losing adjacent-body syntax).

~x-ai/grok-latest · winner B · 5:1 · permalink

B redesigns the core DSL so vote explanations lead and item bodies trail paths, rewriting the parser (block-prefixed votes, pending-block handling) and aligning docs, UI emit paths, and fixtures—lasting product grammar. A only tightens ratio bounds (≥1, ≤100) in parser/UI/reducer with tests; correct and useful, but a narrow validation fix atop existing semantics.

openai/gpt-chat-latest · winner A · 4:1 · permalink

Side A introduces substantive validation by enforcing vote ratios of 1–100 in the DSL parser, browser POST handler, and reducer, preventing invalid zero-weight edges and unbounded ratios while adding focused regression and integration tests. Side B primarily performs a sweeping DSL syntax migration (moving vote explanations before comparisons) and updates documentation, fixtures, UI formatting, and tests to match, with comparatively little new functional behavior beyond the syntax change.

sides

A — c_55666fe32c48 (tommy-mor)

message

[aa0b175c] Enforce vote ratio constraints: both sides ≥ 1, max 100.

Zero on either side produces no valid graph edge; ratios above 100
add no meaningful signal. Enforce in the DSL parser, browser POST
handler, and reducer guard. Update browser pool test to use 99:1
instead of 100:0. Add unit and integration regression tests.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Sonnet 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

diff preview

diff --git a/server/src/api/ui_html.rs b/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
index b79efdb4d52bd445a67f38cbfd61d3507d2b3014..bc8a0130b434cc7880a4bf16eb9237080c4aa383 100644
--- a/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
+++ b/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
@@ -243,11 +243,23 @@ async fn dispatch_ui_action(
             let pool_id = pool.as_deref().and_then(|p| {
                 crate::path_types::ItemId::parse(p.trim()).map(|i| i.normalized_storage())
             });
-            let mut rl = ratio_left.trim().parse::<i32>().unwrap_or(0).max(0);
-            let mut rr = ratio_right.trim().parse::<i32>().unwrap_or(0).max(0);
-            if rl == 0 && rr == 0 {
-                rl = 1;
-                rr = 1;
+            let rl = ratio_left.trim().parse::<i32>().unwrap_or(0).max(0);
+            let rr = ratio_right.trim().parse::<i32>().unwrap_or(0).max(0);
+            if rl == 0 || rr == 0 {
+                return form_js_error(
+                    err_tgt.as_ref(),
+                    "invalid ratio",
+                    "Both ratio sides must be ≥ 1.",
+                )
+                .into_response();
+            }
+            if rl > 100 || rr > 100 {
+                return form_js_error(
+                    err_tgt.as_ref(),
+                    "invalid ratio",
+                    "Ratio sides must be ≤ 100.",
+                )
+                .into_response();
             }
 
             let text = format!(
diff --git a/server/src/dsl.rs b/server/src/dsl.rs
index faa8aac6616bc6ea2b102d08ae999c01a716ef6e..338feacc579a92bed291867cc0f2f62462737462 100644
--- a/server/src/dsl.rs
+++ b/server/src/dsl.rs
@@ -545,9 +545,14 @@ fn parse_block_prefixed_statement(
 
     let ((ratio_left, ratio_right), k) = parse_comparison_at(s, i)
         .ok_or_else(|| DslError::Parse(format!("invalid comparison near: {}", &s[i..])))?;
-    if ratio_left == 0 && ratio_right == 0 {
+    if ratio_left == 0 || ratio_right == 0 {
         return Err(DslError::Parse(
-            "vote ratio 0:0 is invalid; use 1:1 for a tie or omit the vote".to_string(),
+            "vote ratio sides must be ≥ 1; use 1:1 for a tie or omit the vote".to_string(),
+        ));
+    }
+    if ratio_left > 100 || ratio_right > 100 {
+        return Err(DslError::Parse(
+            "vote ratio sides must be ≤ 100".to_string(),
         ));
     }
     i = skip_ws(s, k);
@@ -929,11 +934,50 @@ mod tests {
         let err = parse_full("{tie placeholder}\n~/a 0:0 ~/b").unwrap_err();
         let DslError::Parse(msg) = err;
         assert!(
-            msg.contains("0:0"),
-            "expected 0:0 rejection message, got: {msg}"
+            msg.contains("≥ 1"),
+            "expected zero-side rejection message, got: {msg}"
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_vote_rejects_left_zero_ratio() {
+        let err = parse_full("{prefer b}\n~/a 0:5 ~/b").unwrap_err();
+        let DslError::Parse(msg) = err;
+        assert!(
+            msg.contains("≥ 1"),
+            "expected zero-side rejection message, got: {msg}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_vote_rejects_right_zero_ratio() {
+        let err = parse_full("{prefer a}\n~/a 5:0 ~/b").unwrap_err();
+        let DslError::Parse(msg) = err;
+        assert!(
+            msg.contains("≥ 1"),
+            "expected zero-side rejection message, got: {msg}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_vote_rejects_over_max_ratio() {
+        let err = parse_full("{prefer a strongly}\n~/a 101:1 ~/b").unwrap_err();
+        let DslError::Parse(msg) = err;
+        assert!(
+            msg.contains("≤ 100"),
+            "expected max ratio rejection message, got: {msg}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_vote_accepts_max_ratio() {
+        let doc = parse_full("{prefer a}\n~/a 100:1 ~/b").unwrap();
+        assert!(matches!(
+            doc.statements.last(),
+            Some(Stmt::Vote { ratio_left: 100, ratio_right: 1, .. })
+        ));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn parse_full_interleaves_prose() {
         let input = "hello\n#tag\nworld";
diff --git a/server/src/reducer.rs b/server/src/reducer.rs
index e949e8e092297eedd5c20c131f16ef0121f329b3..6841d35cfc9de2389f340a22b8a45acb335e36c3 100644
--- a/server/src/reducer.rs
+++ b/server/src/reducer.rs
@@ -119,11 +119,11 @@ impl GroupState {
         let (i, j) = if a_idx < b_idx { (a_idx, b_idx) } else { (b_idx, a_idx) };
         self.voted_pairs.insert((i, j));
 
-        let mut w_a = vote.ratio_left.max(0) as f64;
-        let mut w_b = vote.ratio_right.max(0) as f64;
-        if w_a == 0.0 && w_b == 0.0 {
-            w_a = 1.0;
-            w_b = 1.0;
+        let w_a = vote.ratio_left as f64;
+        let w_b = vote.ratio_right as f64;
+        if w_a == 0.0 || w_b == 0.0 {
+            // Zero on either side produces no valid edge; drop the vote.
+            return;
         }
 
         self.add_edge_weight(b_idx, a_idx, w_a);
diff --git a/server/tests/basic.rs b/server/tests/basic.rs
index 9d83e7a97e2c7494790db17c4b5b30c181705026..cc8c1a0d139f3722ba6ecd13dd001c65be835b67 100644
--- a/server/tests/basic.rs
+++ b/server/tests/basic.rs
@@ -175,14 +175,14 @@ fn reducer_clamps_score_bounds() {
     let mut state = ReducerState::default();
     state.apply_event(ingest_event(
         1,
-        "@00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:test:local/test\n~/t/a {a}\n~/t/b {b}\n{huge}\n~/t/a 1000:1 ~/t/b\n",
+        "@00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:test:local/test\n~/t/a {a}\n~/t/b {b}\n{huge}\n~/t/a 100:1 ~/t/b\n",
     ));
     state.apply_event(ingest_event(
         2,
-        "@00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:test:local/test\n{huge}\n~/t/a 1:1000 ~/t/b\n",
+        "@00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:test:local/test\n{huge}\n~/t/a 1:100 ~/t/b\n",
     ));
 
-    assert_eq!(state.public().ranking_group.idx_to_item.len(), 2); // Should still work, scores clamped internally
+    assert_eq!(state.public().ranking_group.idx_to_item.len(), 2); // Should still work, scores handled internally
 }
 
 // ============================================================================
@@ -513,8 +513,8 @@ fn dsl_parse_rejects_zero_zero_vote_ratio() {
     .expect_err("0:0 vote must be rejected by the parser");
     let slugsocial_server::dsl::DslError::Parse(msg) = err;
     assert!(
-        msg.contains("0:0"),
-        "expected message about invalid 0:0 ratio, got: {msg}"
+        msg.contains("≥ 1"),
+        "expected message about invalid zero ratio, got: {msg}"
     );
 
     let mut state = ReducerState::default();
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ fn dsl_parse_rejects_zero_zero_vote_ratio() {
 #[test]
 fn reducer_negative_ratio_clamped_to_zero() {
     let _state = ReducerState::default();
-    // GroupState::apply_vote clamps negatives to 0, then 0:0 -> 1:1
+    // GroupState::apply_vote clamps negatives to 0; when either side is 0 the vote is dropped.
     let mut group = GroupState::new();
     group.apply_vote(slugsocial_server::reducer::VoteData {
         ts: 1,
@@ -546,12 +546,12 @@ fn reducer_negative_ratio_clamped_to_zero() {
         delegate: Some("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:test:local/test".to_string()),
         thread_tag: "t".to_string(),
     });
+    // Items are registered, but the zero-clamped vote produces no edges.
     assert_eq!(group.idx_to_item.len(), 2);
-    // Both edges should exist (negatives clamped to 0, then 0:0 -> 1:1)
     let a_idx = group.item_to_idx[&item_id("https://slug.social/~/t/a")];
     let b_idx = group.item_to_idx[&item_id("https://slug.social/~/t/b")];
-    assert!(group.edges.contains_key(&(a_idx, b_idx)));
-    assert!(group.edges.contains_key(&(b_idx, a_idx)));
+    assert!(!group.edges.contains_key(&(a_idx, b_idx)));
+    assert!(!group.edges.contains_key(&(b_idx, a_idx)));
 }
 
 
diff --git a/server/tests/integration_ui.rs b/server/tests/integration_ui.rs
index 23db7b5672418d5bb0ab7529e05ef1f89e59062a..09c5481f039d59efb617a82bafcc432a186e2d30 100644
--- a/server/tests/integration_ui.rs
+++ b/server/tests/integration_ui.rs
@@ -256,3 +256,96 @@ async fn test_sse_public_thread_morph_includes_post_body_not_thread_not_found()
     );
 }
 
+fn ui_vote_compare_post_rpc(
+    room: &str,
+    thread_tag: &str,
+    left: &str,
+    right: &str,
+    ratio_left: &str,
+    ratio_right: &str,
+    explanation: &str,
+) -> String {
+    serde_json::json!({
+        "action": "vote_compare_post",
+        "room": room,
+        "thread_tag": thread_tag,
+        "left_item": left,
+        "right_item": right,
+        "ratio_left": ratio_left,
+        "ratio_right": ratio_right,
+        "explanation": explanation,
+        "next": "/vote",
+    })
+    .to_string()
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_vote_compare_post_rejects_zero_left_ratio() {
+    let (addr, _tmp, _log, _handle) = create_test_server().await;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let bearer = test_bearer();
+
+    let rpc = ui_vote_compare_post_rpc("public", "test-vote", "~/a", "~/b", "0", "5", "prefer b");
+    let resp = client
+        .post(format!("http://{addr}/ui"))
+        .header("Authorization", format!("Bearer {bearer}"))
+        .form(&[("__rpc__", rpc.as_str())])
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), reqwest::StatusCode::OK);
+    let js = resp.text().await.unwrap();
+    assert!(
+        js.contains("invalid ratio") || js.contains("≥ 1"),
+        "expected zero-ratio rejection, got: {js}"
+    );
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_vote_compare_post_rejects_zero_right_ratio() {
+    let (addr, _tmp, _log, _handle) = create_test_server().await;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let bearer = test_bearer();
+
+    let rpc = ui_vote_compare_post_rpc("public", "test-vote", "~/a", "~/b", "5", "0", "prefer a");
+    let resp = client
+        .post(format!("http://{addr}/ui"))
+        .header("Authorization", format!("Bearer {bearer}"))
+        .form(&[("__rpc__", rpc.as_str())])
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), reqwest::StatusCode::OK);
+    let js = resp.text().await.unwrap();
+    assert!(
+        js.contains("invalid ratio") || js.contains("≥ 1"),
+        "expected zero-ratio rejection, got: {js}"
+    );
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_vote_compare_post_rejects_over_max_ratio() {
+    let (addr, _tmp, _log, _handle) = create_test_server().await;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+    let bearer = test_bearer();
+
+    let rpc =
+        ui_vote_compare_post_rpc("public", "test-vote", "~/a", "~/b", "101", "1", "prefer a");
+    let resp = client
+        .post(format!("http://{addr}/ui"))
+        .header("Authorization", format!("Bearer {bearer}"))
+        .form(&[("__rpc__", rpc.as_str())])
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    assert_eq!(resp.status(), reqwest::StatusCode::OK);
+    let js = resp.text().await.unwrap();
+    assert!(
+        js.contains("invalid ratio") || js.contains("≤ 100"),
+        "expected over-max ratio rejection, got: {js}"
+    );
+}
+
diff --git a/test/browser_vote_pool.clj b/test/browser_vote_pool.clj
index 23d0bd80b02bd8b1b48853454bed02793296550e..738608801027d1e662660b5d6c830b4ccd07c434 100644
--- a/test/browser_vote_pool.clj
+++ b/test/browser_vote_pool.clj
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@
 ;; Set the hidden ratio inputs so the alphabetically-earlier item wins.
 (defn- set-ratio! [pg left-text right-text]
   (let [[rl rr] (if (neg? (compare (leaf left-text) (leaf right-text)))
-                  [100 0]   ; left is earlier → prefer left
-                  [0 100])] ; right is earlier → prefer right
+                  [99 1]   ; left is earlier → prefer left
+                  [1 99])] ; right is earlier → prefer right
     (page/evaluate pg (str "document.getElementById('vote-ratio-left').value='" rl "'"))
     (page/evaluate pg (str "document.getElementById('vote-ratio-right').value='" rr "'"))))
 

download full diff A

B — c_2f5d9e0370f8 (tommy-mor)

message

[6bda2635] Use title-first items and explanation-first votes (#135)

* Require block-first sorter DSL statements

Co-authored-by: tommy <thmorriss@gmail.com>

* Use title-first items with explanation-first votes

Co-authored-by: tommy <thmorriss@gmail.com>

* Update garden vote test DSL fixtures

Co-authored-by: tommy <thmorriss@gmail.com>

* Update browser vote DSL payloads

Co-authored-by: tommy <thmorriss@gmail.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Cursor Agent <cursoragent@cursor.com>

diff preview

diff --git a/cli/DSL.txt b/cli/DSL.txt
index 18f69ef25f01583fddf9fc90e077bb2c3fa72bb6..c9b12bf0edaf73ad252f0a202b7fe61e311df50a 100644
--- a/cli/DSL.txt
+++ b/cli/DSL.txt
@@ -18,9 +18,20 @@ Blank lines are preserved to maintain paragraph structure.
 ~/item/a {itembody}
 ~/python { A high-level scripting language }
 
-~/item/a > ~/python { Item A is better because of X. }
-~/python 3:1 ~/go { Python's ecosystem is much richer than Go's. }
-https://example.com/lang = ~/go { They are equally good in this context. }
+{
+Item A is better because of X.
+}
+~/item/a > ~/python
+
+{
+Python's ecosystem is much richer than Go's.
+}
+~/python 3:1 ~/go
+
+{
+They are equally good in this context.
+}
+https://example.com/lang = ~/go
 ```
 
 SYNTAX RULES
@@ -35,7 +46,7 @@ Starts a thread. Tag allows alphanumeric, `-`, `_`, and `/`. Subtitle max 100 ch
 ~/<local-item-path> { description }
 ```
 Defines an ontology item (garden layer). Paths can be nested (e.g. `~/languages/python`).
-A leading `/` alone is **not** allowed in the DSL — use `~/` only. Descriptions (bodies) are wrapped in `{}`. Can be adjacent (e.g. `~/arrived{ready}`).
+A leading `/` alone is **not** allowed in the DSL — use `~/` only. Descriptions (bodies) are wrapped in `{}` and follow the item path.
 
 ```sorter
 https://example.com/item { description }
@@ -46,7 +57,10 @@ Canonicalization rules for URLs:
 - `~/` and `https://slug.social/~/` map to the same local item path.
 
 ```sorter
-<item1> <comparison> <item2> { required explanation }
+{
+required explanation
+}
+<item1> <comparison> <item2>
 ```
 Compares two items. The explanation is REQUIRED.
 Comparisons:
@@ -65,7 +79,8 @@ When writing bodies or explanations, you can use braces `{}` and code blocks wit
 3. Single braces: { ... }
 
 ```sorter
-~/code { Here is a block: ```def foo(): return {"a": 1}``` }
+{ Here is a block: ```def foo(): return {"a": 1}``` }
+~/code
 ```
 
 STYLE
diff --git a/cli/GUIDE.sorter b/cli/GUIDE.sorter
index 7ea1c2649cb4a323b46f0bf389025079a9c9ab43..86accba72ecea547215d947fb6552e0ead25687c 100644
--- a/cli/GUIDE.sorter
+++ b/cli/GUIDE.sorter
@@ -83,7 +83,8 @@ Item definitions (attaches a description to an item):
   ~/thread/item { description }
 
 Comparisons:
-  ~/thread/item-a 3:1 ~/thread/item-b { reasoning }
+  { reasoning }
+  ~/thread/item-a 3:1 ~/thread/item-b
 
 Ratio formats:
   3:1   left is 3x better than right
@@ -95,8 +96,7 @@ Shorthand:
   <     means 1:2 (right is better)
   =     means 1:1 (equal)
 
-Bodies can attach without whitespace:
-  ~/thread/item{Description here}
+Item bodies follow the item path. Vote explanations come first; the comparison is the verdict line.
 }
 
 You can write any prose in your posts. These won't be part of the garden but only the thread.
@@ -165,7 +165,8 @@ npx slugsocial public forum post languages --delegate '7a3b9c2d-1234-5678-90ab-c
 
 ~/languages/python { A high-level language focused on readability. }
 ~/languages/rust { A systems language focused on safety and performance. }
-~/languages/python 2:1 ~/languages/rust { Python has simpler syntax for beginners - fewer symbols, explicit over implicit.  Rust's borrow checker adds cognitive load even for simple programs.  Both are readable once learned, but Python's learning curve is gentler.  }
+{ Python has simpler syntax for beginners - fewer symbols, explicit over implicit.  Rust's borrow checker adds cognitive load even for simple programs.  Both are readable once learned, but Python's learning curve is gentler.  }
+~/languages/python 2:1 ~/languages/rust
 EOF
 
 # See current ranking
diff --git a/ideas/single-thread.md b/ideas/single-thread.md
index 86230fe6119c31045c21dbfcb12311b323c02fa8..0efb7199524cc3b308b1922c03e3a99193e4586c 100644
--- a/ideas/single-thread.md
+++ b/ideas/single-thread.md
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@ Previously a `.sorter` document could scatter `#tags` throughout:
 ~/languages/rust {A systems language.}
 #tools
 ~/tools/cargo {Rust's build system.}
-~/languages/rust 2:1 ~/tools/cargo {Rust is more foundational than its tooling.}
+{Rust is more foundational than its tooling.}
+~/languages/rust 2:1 ~/tools/cargo
 ```
 
 The system would fan the ingest into both `#languages` and `#tools` — the same
diff --git a/server/src/api/mod.rs b/server/src/api/mod.rs
index 9f3c1cc21c2ae157c024a447980a97e190c8f066..920e967b47852ea82fa61b84c457ae3582dd9800 100644
--- a/server/src/api/mod.rs
+++ b/server/src/api/mod.rs
@@ -72,16 +72,16 @@ mod tests {
         apply_ingest(
             &mut reduced,
             1,
-            "~/t/a {a}\n~/t/b {b}\n~/t/a 2:1 ~/t/b {because}\n",
+            "~/t/a {a}\n~/t/b {b}\n{because}\n~/t/a 2:1 ~/t/b\n",
         );
-        let text = "~/t/a 1:1 ~/t/b {equal}\n";
+        let text = "{equal}\n~/t/a 1:1 ~/t/b\n";
         validate_ingest_document(&reduced, text, &crate::reducer::ScopeId::Public).unwrap();
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn validate_ingest_document_rejects_vote_on_undefined_item() {
         let reduced = ReducerState::default();
-        let text = "~/t/a {x}\n~/t/b 1:1 ~/t/missing {why}\n";
+        let text = "~/t/a {x}\n{why}\n~/t/b 1:1 ~/t/missing\n";
         let err = validate_ingest_document(&reduced, text, &crate::reducer::ScopeId::Public).unwrap_err();
         assert_eq!(err.0, StatusCode::BAD_REQUEST);
         assert!(err.1.contains("undefined item"));
diff --git a/server/src/api/ui_html.rs b/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
index 696e7b3605e2e68aee0351116c494c2958506add..7cbda3876451687aa7a55547fc06bbe86ac9d260 100644
--- a/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
+++ b/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
@@ -222,13 +222,13 @@ async fn dispatch_ui_action(
             }
 
             let text = format!(
-                "@{}\n{} {}:{} {} {{\n{}\n}}\n",
+                "@{}\n{{\n{}\n}}\n{} {}:{} {}\n",
                 crate::api::auth::WEB_BROWSER_AGENT,
+                exp,
                 left_id.as_str(),
                 rl,
                 rr,
-                right_id.as_str(),
-                exp
+                right_id.as_str()
             );
 
             match rpc_post_with_bearer(state, &session.bearer, room.clone(), thread_tag.clone(), text).await {
diff --git a/server/src/dsl.rs b/server/src/dsl.rs
index 7962342bd023b3b5061a684d84d4ab164134b111..def8b497c71567016a522648b9630d7038163e41 100644
--- a/server/src/dsl.rs
+++ b/server/src/dsl.rs
@@ -11,16 +11,21 @@ pub struct Document {
 /// A single statement in the DSL (or prose when using `parse_full`).
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub enum Stmt {
-    Item { title: String, body: Option<String> },
+    Item {
+        title: String,
+        body: Option<String>,
+    },
     Vote {
         item1: String,
         item2: String,
         ratio_left: i32,
         ratio_right: i32,
-        /// Required non-empty explanation (from trailing `{ ... }`).
+        /// Required non-empty explanation (from leading `{ ... }`).
         explanation: String,
     },
-    Prose { text: String },
+    Prose {
+        text: String,
+    },
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
@@ -391,71 +396,46 @@ fn parse_comparison_at(s: &str, i: usize) -> Option<((i32, i32), usize)> {
     Some(((left, right), j))
 }
 
-fn parse_item_statement(stripped: &str, masker: &BlockMasker) -> Result<Stmt, DslError> {
-    // item: ("~/" | "https://..." | "http://...") item_ref body?
-    // vote: same for both operands.
-    //
-    // Important: body token can be adjacent to the item name (no whitespace),
-    // e.g. "~/arrived{...}" -> "~/arrived__BLOCK_x__".
-    let s = stripped;
-    let bytes = s.as_bytes();
-    if bytes.is_empty() {
-        return Err(DslError::Parse("missing item statement".to_string()));
+fn parse_block_prefixed_statement(
+    block_token: &str,
+    tail: &str,
+    masker: &BlockMasker,
+) -> Result<Stmt, DslError> {
+    // vote: block item_ref comparison item_ref
+    let s = tail.trim_start();
+    if s.is_empty() {
+        return Err(DslError::Parse(
+            "missing vote statement after leading explanation block".to_string(),
+        ));
     }
 
     let (item1, j) =
         parse_item_name_at(s, 0).ok_or_else(|| DslError::Parse("invalid item name".to_string()))?;
+    let explanation = masker.extract_body(block_token);
+    let mut i = skip_ws(s, j);
 
-    // Either we have:
-    // - immediate/whitespace block token => Item
-    // - comparison => Vote
-    // - whitespace then block token => Item
-    // - whitespace then comparison => Vote
-    let i = skip_ws(s, j);
-
-    // If next is end or a block token => Item.
     if i >= s.len() {
-        return Ok(Stmt::Item {
-            title: item1,
-            body: None,
-        });
-    }
-    if let Some((tok, end)) = parse_block_token_at(s, i) {
-        let body = masker.extract_body(&tok);
-        let tail = s[end..].trim();
-        if !tail.is_empty() {
-            return Err(DslError::Parse("extra tokens after item".to_string()));
-        }
-        return Ok(Stmt::Item {
-            title: item1,
-            body: Some(body),
-        });
+        return Err(DslError::Parse(
+            "leading `{ ... }` blocks are vote explanations; item bodies belong after item paths"
+                .to_string(),
+        ));
     }
 
-    // Otherwise parse comparison then "/item2" then REQUIRED body.
-    let ((ratio_left, ratio_right), mut k) = parse_comparison_at(s, i)
+    let ((ratio_left, ratio_right), k) = parse_comparison_at(s, i)
         .ok_or_else(|| DslError::Parse(format!("invalid comparison near: {}", &s[i..])))?;
     if ratio_left == 0 && ratio_right == 0 {
         return Err(DslError::Parse(
             "vote ratio 0:0 is invalid; use 1:1 for a tie or omit the vote".to_string(),
         ));
     }
-    k = skip_ws(s, k);
-    let (item2, mut m) = parse_item_name_at(s, k)
+    i = skip_ws(s, k);
+    let (item2, m) = parse_item_name_at(s, i)
         .ok_or_else(|| DslError::Parse("invalid rhs item name".to_string()))?;
-    m = skip_ws(s, m);
-
-    let Some((tok, end)) = parse_block_token_at(s, m) else {
-        return Err(DslError::Parse(
-            "missing vote explanation (add a trailing `{ ... }`)".to_string(),
-        ));
-    };
-    let explanation = masker.extract_body(&tok);
+    i = skip_ws(s, m);
     if explanation.trim().is_empty() {
         return Err(DslError::Parse("empty vote explanation".to_string()));
     }
-    m = end;
-    let tail = s[m..].trim();
+    let tail = s[i..].trim();
     if !tail.is_empty() {
         return Err(DslError::Parse("extra tokens after vote".to_string()));
     }
@@ -469,6 +449,35 @@ fn parse_item_statement(stripped: &str, masker: &BlockMasker) -> Result<Stmt, Ds
     })
 }
 
+fn parse_item_definition_statement(stripped: &str, masker: &BlockMasker) -> Result<Stmt, DslError> {
+    let (item1, j) =
+        parse_item_name_at(stripped, 0).ok_or_else(|| DslError::Parse("invalid item name".to_string()))?;
+    let i = skip_ws(stripped, j);
+
+    if i >= stripped.len() {
+        return Ok(Stmt::Item {
+            title: item1,
+            body: None,
+        });
+    }
+
+    if let Some((tok, end)) = parse_block_token_at(stripped, i) {
+        let body = masker.extract_body(&tok);
+        let tail = stripped[end..].trim();
+        if !tail.is_empty() {
+            return Err(DslError::Parse("extra tokens after item".to_string()));
+        }
+        return Ok(Stmt::Item {
+            title: item1,
+            body: Some(body),
+        });
+    }
+
+    Err(DslError::Parse(
+        "vote explanations must start with a `{ ... }` block before the comparison".to_string(),
+    ))
+}
+
 fn parse_line(masked_line: &str, masker: &BlockMasker) -> Result<Vec<Stmt>, DslError> {
     let stripped = masked_line.trim_start();
     if stripped.is_empty() {
@@ -477,27 +486,28 @@ fn parse_line(masked_line: &str, masker: &BlockMasker) -> Result<Vec<Stmt>, DslE
     let first = stripped.chars().next().unwrap();
     match first {
         '#' => Err(DslError::Parse("not a DS

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