You are a constitutional council ranking individual git commits for ownership allocation.

Compare these two commits. Decide which contributed more lasting value to the project.

Judge substance, not spectacle:
- Prefer correct, lasting design and real bugfixes over churn, formatting, renames, or generated noise.
- Prefer clarity and necessity over sheer line count. A small precise change can beat a large diffuse one.
- Do not favor a side merely because its patch is longer or noisier.
- Weight what the change does for the project, not the contributor's name.

Return ONLY a JSON object: {"winner": "A" or "B", "ratio": "N:M", "explanation": "..."}
The explanation must cite concrete differences in the patches (1-3 sentences).

Side A — contributor: tommy-mor
Side A — commit message:
[15e1037a] url stuff

Side A — unified diff (full patch):
diff --git a/server/src/url_rules/graph.rs b/server/src/url_rules/graph.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f7ac0f9a551a1727cb2f9294778c283b9885b147
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/url_rules/graph.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,831 @@
+//! Semantic URL graph: DFA traversal on host + path, query in context, generic fallback.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::sync::OnceLock;
+
+use url::Url;
+
+use super::graph_builder::GraphBuilder;
+use super::parse::{normalize_match_host, strip_tracking_query, UrlParts};
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Default)]
+pub struct Context {
+    pub vars: HashMap<String, String>,
+    pub query: HashMap<String, String>,
+}
+
+pub type CanonicalFn = fn(&Context) -> Option<String>;
+
+#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+pub enum EdgePattern {
+    Literal(&'static str),
+    Variable(&'static str),
+    /// Absorb any trailing segment without leaving this node (e.g. post title slug).
+    AbsorbAny,
+    /// Absorb segment when `cond(seg)` (e.g. subreddit listing suffix).
+    AbsorbIf(fn(&str) -> bool),
+}
+
+pub struct Edge {
+    pub pattern: EdgePattern,
+    pub target: &'static str,
+}
+
+pub struct Node {
+    pub edges: Vec<Edge>,
+    pub canonical: CanonicalFn,
+    pub parent: Option<&'static str>,
+}
+
+impl Node {
+    pub(crate) fn empty() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            edges: Vec::new(),
+            canonical: |_| None,
+            parent: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub struct Graph {
+    pub nodes: HashMap<&'static str, Node>,
+}
+
+static GRAPH: OnceLock<Graph> = OnceLock::new();
+
+pub fn graph() -> &'static Graph {
+    GRAPH.get_or_init(build_graph)
+}
+
+impl Graph {
+    pub fn resolve_canonical(&self, parts: &UrlParts) -> Option<String> {
+        let mut query = parts.query.clone();
+        strip_tracking_query(&mut query);
+        let mut ctx = Context {
+            vars: HashMap::new(),
+            query,
+        };
+
+        if let Some(node_id) = self.traverse(parts, &mut ctx) {
+            if let Some(canon) = (self.nodes.get(node_id)?.canonical)(&ctx) {
+                return Some(canon);
+            }
+        }
+        Some(generic_canonical(parts))
+    }
+
+    pub fn breadcrumbs(&self, parts: &UrlParts) -> Vec<String> {
+        let mut query = parts.query.clone();
+        strip_tracking_query(&mut query);
+        let mut ctx = Context {
+            vars: HashMap::new(),
+            query,
+        };
+
+        if let Some(mut node_id) = self.traverse(parts, &mut ctx) {
+            let mut paths = Vec::new();
+            loop {
+                let node = match self.nodes.get(node_id) {
+                    Some(n) => n,
+                    None => break,
+                };
+                if let Some(url) = (node.canonical)(&ctx) {
+                    if paths.last() != Some(&url) {
+                        paths.push(url);
+                    }
+                }
+                match node.parent {
+                    Some(p) => node_id = p,
+                    None => break,
+                }
+            }
+            paths.reverse();
+            if !paths.is_empty() {
+                return paths;
+            }
+        }
+        generic_breadcrumbs(parts)
+    }
+
+    fn traverse(&self, parts: &UrlParts, ctx: &mut Context) -> Option<&'static str> {
+        let host = parts.match_host();
+        let mut node_id = match host.as_str() {
+            "reddit.com" => "reddit_root",
+            "youtube.com" => "youtube_root",
+            "youtu.be" => "youtu_be_entry",
+            _ => return None,
+        };
+
+        let segs: Vec<&str> = parts.path_segments.iter().map(String::as_str).collect();
+        let mut i = 0;
+        while i < segs.len() {
+            let seg = segs[i];
+            match self.follow_edge(node_id, seg, ctx) {
+                Ok(next) => {
+                    node_id = next;
+                    i += 1;
+                }
+                Err(()) => {
+                    if self.try_absorb(node_id, seg) {
+                        i += 1;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    return None;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Some(node_id)
+    }
+
+    fn follow_edge(
+        &self,
+        node_id: &'static str,
+        seg: &str,
+        ctx: &mut Context,
+    ) -> Result<&'static str, ()> {
+        let node = self.nodes.get(node_id).ok_or(())?;
+        for edge in &node.edges {
+            match edge.pattern {
+                EdgePattern::Literal(lit) if lit == seg => return Ok(edge.target),
+                EdgePattern::Variable(name) => {
+                    ctx.vars.insert(name.to_string(), seg.to_string());
+                    return Ok(edge.target);
+                }
+                EdgePattern::AbsorbAny
+                | EdgePattern::AbsorbIf(_)
+                | EdgePattern::Literal(_)
+                | EdgePattern::Variable(_) => {}
+            }
+        }
+        Err(())
+    }
+
+    fn try_absorb(&self, node_id: &'static str, seg: &str) -> bool {
+        let node = match self.nodes.get(node_id) {
+            Some(n) => n,
+            None => return false,
+        };
+        for edge in &node.edges {
+            match edge.pattern {
+                EdgePattern::AbsorbAny => return true,
+                EdgePattern::AbsorbIf(cond) if cond(seg) => return true,
+                EdgePattern::AbsorbIf(_) | EdgePattern::Literal(_) | EdgePattern::Variable(_) => {}
+            }
+        }
+        false
+    }
+
+    /// Test hook: terminal graph node and captured context after traversal.
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub fn traverse_terminal(&self, parts: &UrlParts) -> Option<(&'static str, Context)> {
+        let mut query = parts.query.clone();
+        strip_tracking_query(&mut query);
+        let mut ctx = Context {
+            vars: HashMap::new(),
+            query,
+        };
+        let node = self.traverse(parts, &mut ctx)?;
+        Some((node, ctx))
+    }
+}
+
+fn is_reddit_listing_suffix(seg: &str) -> bool {
+    matches!(seg, "hot" | "top" | "new" | "rising" | "controversial")
+}
+
+/// Percent-encode a path or query fragment so `&`, `?`, etc. cannot break URL structure.
+fn enc(s: &str) -> String {
+    urlencoding::encode(s).into_owned()
+}
+
+// --- Canonical formatters ---
+
+fn canon_reddit_root(_: &Context) -> Option<String> {
+    Some("https://reddit.com".to_string())
+}
+
+fn canon_reddit_r_hub(_: &Context) -> Option<String> {
+    Some("https://reddit.com/r".to_string())
+}
+
+fn canon_reddit_subreddit(ctx: &Context) -> Option<String> {
+    let sub = ctx.vars.get("subreddit")?;
+    Some(format!(
+        "https://reddit.com/r/{}",
+        enc(&sub.to_ascii_lowercase())
+    ))
+}
+
+fn canon_reddit_post(ctx: &Context) -> Option<String> {
+    let sub = ctx.vars.get("subreddit")?.to_ascii_lowercase();
+    let id = ctx.vars.get("post_id")?;
+    Some(format!(
+        "https://reddit.com/r/{}/comments/{}",
+        enc(&sub),
+        enc(id)
+    ))
+}
+
+fn canon_youtube_root(_: &Context) -> Option<String> {
+    Some("https://youtube.com".to_string())
+}
+
+fn canon_youtube_watch(ctx: &Context) -> Option<String> {
+    let v = ctx
+        .query
+        .get("v")
+        .or_else(|| ctx.vars.get("video_id"))?;
+    Some(format!("https://youtube.com/watch?v={}", enc(v)))
+}
+
+fn canon_youtu_be(ctx: &Context) -> Option<String> {
+    let v = ctx.vars.get("vid_id")?;
+    Some(format!("https://youtube.com/watch?v={}", enc(v)))
+}
+
+pub fn build_graph() -> Graph {
+    GraphBuilder::new()
+        .node("reddit_root")
+        .canonical(canon_reddit_root)
+        .edge(EdgePattern::Literal("r"), "reddit_r_hub")
+        .node("reddit_r_hub")
+        .parent("reddit_root")
+        .canonical(canon_reddit_r_hub)
+        .edge(EdgePattern::Variable("subreddit"), "reddit_subreddit")
+        .node("reddit_subreddit")
+        .parent("reddit_r_hub")
+        .canonical(canon_reddit_subreddit)
+        .edge(
+            EdgePattern::AbsorbIf(is_reddit_listing_suffix),
+            "reddit_subreddit",
+        )
+        .edge(EdgePattern::Literal("comments"), "reddit_comments_gate")
+        .node("reddit_comments_gate")
+        .parent("reddit_subreddit")
+        .canonical(canon_reddit_subreddit)
+        .edge(EdgePattern::Variable("post_id"), "reddit_post")
+        .node("reddit_post")
+        .parent("reddit_subreddit")
+        .canonical(canon_reddit_post)
+        .edge(EdgePattern::AbsorbAny, "reddit_post")
+        .node("youtube_root")
+        .canonical(canon_youtube_root)
+        .edge(EdgePattern::Literal("watch"), "youtube_watch")
+        .edge(EdgePattern::Literal("shorts"), "youtube_shorts_gate")
+        .node("youtube_watch")
+        .parent("youtube_root")
+        .canonical(canon_youtube_watch)
+        .node("youtube_shorts_gate")
+        .parent("youtube_root")
+        .canonical(canon_youtube_root)
+        .edge(EdgePattern::Variable("video_id"), "youtube_watch")
+        .node("youtu_be_entry")
+        .canonical(canon_youtube_root)
+        .edge(EdgePattern::Variable("vid_id"), "youtu_be_video")
+        .node("youtu_be_video")
+        .parent("youtube_root")
+        .canonical(canon_youtu_be)
+        .build()
+}
+
+// --- Generic internet fallback ---
+
+pub fn generic_canonical(parts: &UrlParts) -> String {
+    let host = normalize_match_host(&parts.host);
+    let path_segments: Vec<String> = parts.path_segments.clone();
+    let mut query = parts.query.clone();
+    strip_tracking_query(&mut query);
+
+    let mut url = if path_segments.is_empty() {
+        Url::parse(&format!("https://{host}"))
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| Url::parse("https://invalid").unwrap())
+    } else {
+        let path = format!("/{}", path_segments.join("/"));
+        Url::parse(&format!("https://{host}{path}"))
+            .unwrap_or_else(|_| Url::parse("https://invalid").unwrap())
+    };
+
+    if !query.is_empty() {
+        let mut pairs: Vec<_> = query.iter().collect();
+        pairs.sort_by(|a, b| a.0.cmp(b.0));
+        url.query_pairs_mut().clear();
+        for (k, v) in pairs {
+            url.query_pairs_mut().append_pair(k, v);
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut s = url.to_string();
+    if path_segments.is_empty() {
+        s = s.trim_end_matches('/').to_string();
+    }
+    s
+}
+
+pub fn generic_breadcrumbs(parts: &UrlParts) -> Vec<String> {
+    let host = normalize_match_host(&parts.host);
+    let n = parts.path_segments.len();
+    let mut out = Vec::new();
+
+    let base = generic_canonical(&UrlParts {
+        scheme: "https".to_string(),
+        host: host.clone(),
+        path_segments: vec![],
+        query: HashMap::new(),
+    });
+    out.push(base);
+
+    for i in 0..n {
+        let segs: Vec<String> = parts.path_segments[..=i].to_vec();
+        let url = generic_canonical(&UrlParts {
+            scheme: "https".to_string(),
+            host: host.clone(),
+            path_segments: segs,
+            query: HashMap::new(),
+        });
+        if out.last() != Some(&url) {
+            out.push(url);
+        }
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::url_rules::parse::test_parts;
+
+    fn g() -> &'static Graph {
+        graph()
+    }
+
+    fn canon(parts: &UrlParts) -> String {
+        g().resolve_canonical(parts).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    fn crumbs(parts: &UrlParts) -> Vec<String> {
+        g().breadcrumbs(parts)
+    }
+
+    fn terminal(parts: &UrlParts) -> Option<&'static str> {
+        g().traverse_terminal(parts).map(|(n, _)| n)
+    }
+
+    fn vars(parts: &UrlParts) -> HashMap<String, String> {
+        g().traverse_terminal(parts)
+            .map(|(_, c)| c.vars)
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtu_be_malicious_segment_encoded_not_injected() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtu.be", &["abc&t=1"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc%26t%3D1");
+        assert!(!canon(&p).contains("abc&t=1"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtube_query_v_encoded() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[("v", "a&b=c")]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://youtube.com/watch?v=a%26b%3Dc");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn absorb_patterns_live_on_edges_not_in_engine() {
+        let g = build_graph();
+        let sub = g.nodes.get("reddit_subreddit").unwrap();
+        assert!(sub
+            .edges
+            .iter()
+            .any(|e| matches!(e.pattern, EdgePattern::AbsorbIf(_))));
+        let post = g.nodes.get("reddit_post").unwrap();
+        assert!(post
+            .edges
+            .iter()
+            .any(|e| matches!(e.pattern, EdgePattern::AbsorbAny)));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn builder_rejects_missing_parent() {
+        let result = std::panic::catch_unwind(|| {
+            GraphBuilder::new()
+                .node("orphan")
+                .parent("nonexistent_parent")
+                .build();
+        });
+        assert!(result.is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn generic_canonical_forces_https_and_strips_www() {
+        let p = test_parts("www.example.com", &["blog", "post"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://example.com/blog/post");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn generic_canonical_sorts_query_keys() {
+        let p = test_parts("example.com", &["search"], &[("q", "rust"), ("page", "2")]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://example.com/search?page=2&q=rust");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn generic_canonical_strips_tracking_from_query() {
+        let p = test_parts(
+            "news.ycombinator.com",
+            &["item"],
+            &[("id", "1"), ("utm_medium", "social")],
+        );
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=1");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn generic_breadcrumbs_cumulative_path() {
+        let p = test_parts("paulgraham.com", &["articles", "lisp.html"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            crumbs(&p),
+            vec![
+                "https://paulgraham.com",
+                "https://paulgraham.com/articles",
+                "https://paulgraham.com/articles/lisp.html"
+            ]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn generic_breadcrumbs_domain_only() {
+        let p = test_parts("example.com", &[], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(crumbs(&p), vec!["https://example.com"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn unknown_host_uses_generic_not_graph() {
+        let p = test_parts("hackernews.com", &["item", "123"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), None);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://hackernews.com/item/123");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_captures_subreddit_variable() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "Rust"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("reddit_subreddit"));
+        assert_eq!(vars(&p).get("subreddit").map(String::as_str), Some("Rust"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_captures_post_id() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "aww", "comments", "abc123"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("reddit_post"));
+        assert_eq!(vars(&p).get("post_id").map(String::as_str), Some("abc123"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_absorbs_listing_suffix_stays_on_subreddit() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "rust", "hot"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("reddit_subreddit"));
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/rust");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_absorbs_all_listing_suffixes() {
+        for suffix in ["hot", "top", "new", "rising", "controversial"] {
+            let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "test", suffix], &[]);
+            assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("reddit_subreddit"), "suffix {suffix}");
+            assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/test", "suffix {suffix}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_absorbs_post_title_slug() {
+        let p = test_parts(
+            "reddit.com",
+            &["r", "rust", "comments", "aaa", "my_great_post_title"],
+            &[],
+        );
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("reddit_post"));
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_unknown_segment_falls_back_to_generic() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "rust", "wiki", "faq"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), None);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/rust/wiki/faq");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_youtube_watch_requires_v_in_query() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[("v", "xyz")]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("youtube_watch"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_youtu_be_captures_vid_id() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtu.be", &["dQw4w9WgXcQ"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("youtu_be_video"));
+        assert_eq!(vars(&p).get("vid_id").map(String::as_str), Some("dQw4w9WgXcQ"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_shorts_sets_video_id_var() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtube.com", &["shorts", "abc99"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("youtube_watch"));
+        assert_eq!(vars(&p).get("video_id").map(String::as_str), Some("abc99"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_domain_canonical() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &[], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_r_hub_canonical() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("reddit_r_hub"));
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_subreddit_lowercases_name() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "AmITheAsshole"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/amitheasshole");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_host_aliases_old_new_www() {
+        for host in ["old.reddit.com", "new.reddit.com", "www.reddit.com"] {
+            let p = test_parts(host, &["r", "rust"], &[]);
+            assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/rust", "host {host}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_post_strips_slug_and_query() {
+        let p = test_parts(
+            "old.reddit.com",
+            &["r", "Rust", "comments", "1abc", "title_slug_here"],
+            &[("sort", "new")],
+        );
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/1abc");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_post_multiple_slugs_absorbed() {
+        let p = test_parts(
+            "reddit.com",
+            &["r", "x", "comments", "id1", "slug1", "extra"],
+            &[],
+        );
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/x/comments/id1");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_listing_with_query_only() {
+        let p = test_parts("www.reddit.com", &["r", "programming"], &[("sort", "top")]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/programming");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_subreddit_breadcrumbs_include_r_hub() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "movies"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            crumbs(&p),
+            vec![
+                "https://reddit.com",
+                "https://reddit.com/r",
+                "https://reddit.com/r/movies"
+            ]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_post_breadcrumbs_skip_comments_node() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "aww", "comments", "1trnvdl"], &[]);
+        let c = crumbs(&p);
+        assert!(!c.iter().any(|u| u.ends_with("/comments")));
+        assert_eq!(
+            c.last().map(String::as_str),
+            Some("https://reddit.com/r/aww/comments/1trnvdl")
+        );
+        assert!(c.contains(&"https://reddit.com/r/aww".to_string()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_post_parent_is_subreddit_not_comments() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "aww", "comments", "1trnvdl"], &[]);
+        let c = crumbs(&p);
+        let parent = c.get(c.len() - 2).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(parent, "https://reddit.com/r/aww");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_domain_parent_is_none_in_breadcrumb_chain() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &[], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(crumbs(&p), vec!["https://reddit.com"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtube_watch_canonical_uses_v_only() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[("v", "abc"), ("t", "99")]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtube_query_order_independent() {
+        let a = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[("v", "abc"), ("t", "4")]);
+        let b = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[("t", "4"), ("v", "abc")]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&a), canon(&b));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtube_host_aliases() {
+        for host in ["www.youtube.com", "m.youtube.com"] {
+            let p = test_parts(host, &["watch"], &[("v", "x")]);
+            assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://youtube.com/watch?v=x", "host {host}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtube_shorts_canonical_matches_watch() {
+        let shorts = test_parts("youtube.com", &["shorts", "vid123"], &[]);
+        let watch = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[("v", "vid123")]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&shorts), canon(&watch));
+        assert_eq!(canon(&shorts), "https://youtube.com/watch?v=vid123");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtu_be_matches_youtube_watch() {
+        let be = test_parts("youtu.be", &["dQw4w9WgXcQ"], &[]);
+        let watch = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[("v", "dQw4w9WgXcQ")]);
+        assert_eq!(canon(&be), canon(&watch));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtube_breadcrumbs_domain_then_watch() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[("v", "abc")]);
+        assert_eq!(
+            crumbs(&p),
+            vec!["https://youtube.com", "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc"]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtu_be_breadcrumbs_include_youtube_domain() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtu.be", &["abc"], &[]);
+        let c = crumbs(&p);
+        assert_eq!(c.first().map(String::as_str), Some("https://youtube.com"));
+        assert_eq!(
+            c.last().map(String::as_str),
+            Some("https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc")
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parsed_urls_match_hand_built_parts() {
+        let raw = "https://www.reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa/title/?utm=x";
+        let parsed = UrlParts::parse(raw).unwrap();
+        let hand = test_parts(
+            "www.reddit.com",
+            &["r", "rust", "comments", "aaa", "title"],
+            &[("utm", "x")],
+        );
+        assert_eq!(canon(&parsed), canon(&hand));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn equivalence_cluster_youtube_formats() {
+        let urls = [
+            "https://youtu.be/abc123",
+            "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abc123",
+            "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc123&t=1",
+            "https://m.youtube.com/watch?t=1&v=abc123",
+        ];
+        let canonical: Vec<_> = urls
+            .iter()
+            .map(|u| canon(&UrlParts::parse(u).unwrap()))
+            .collect();
+        assert!(canonical.iter().all(|c| *c == "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc123"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn equivalence_cluster_reddit_post_formats() {
+        let urls = [
+            "https://old.reddit.com/r/Rust/comments/aaa/slug/",
+            "reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa/other_slug",
+            "https://reddit.com/r/RUST/comments/aaa",
+        ];
+        let canonical: Vec<_> = urls
+            .iter()
+            .map(|u| canon(&UrlParts::parse(u).unwrap()))
+            .collect();
+        assert!(
+            canonical
+                .iter()
+                .all(|c| *c == "https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa")
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn graph_nodes_all_have_valid_parent_links() {
+        let g = build_graph();
+        for (id, node) in &g.nodes {
+            if let Some(parent) = node.parent {
+                assert!(g.nodes.contains_key(parent), "node {id} parent {parent}");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn graph_terminal_canonical_always_succeeds_for_reddit_paths() {
+        let cases: &[(&[&str], &str)] = &[
+            (&["r", "rust"], "https://reddit.com/r/rust"),
+            (
+                &["r", "rust", "comments", "x"],
+                "https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/x",
+            ),
+        ];
+        for (segs, want) in cases {
+            let p = test_parts("reddit.com", segs, &[]);
+            assert_eq!(canon(&p), *want);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn breadcrumb_parent_walk_matches_parent_url_semantics() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "aww", "comments", "id1"], &[]);
+        let c = crumbs(&p);
+        assert_eq!(c.len(), 4);
+        assert_eq!(
+            c.get(c.len() - 2).map(String::as_str),
+            Some("https://reddit.com/r/aww")
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtube_watch_without_v_falls_back_to_generic() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtube.com", &["watch"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("youtube_watch"));
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://youtube.com/watch");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_only_comments_path_stops_at_gate() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "rust", "comments"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("reddit_comments_gate"));
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/rust");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn generic_deep_path_many_segments() {
+        let segs: Vec<&str> = (0..10)
+            .map(|i| match i {
+                0 => "a",
+                1 => "b",
+                2 => "c",
+                3 => "d",
+                4 => "e",
+                5 => "f",
+                6 => "g",
+                7 => "h",
+                8 => "i",
+                _ => "j",
+            })
+            .collect();
+        let p = test_parts("site.com", &segs, &[]);
+        assert_eq!(crumbs(&p).len(), 11);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn traverse_literal_r_required_for_subreddit() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["rust"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), None);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn http_scheme_upgraded_via_generic_fallback_host() {
+        let parsed = UrlParts::parse("http://example.com/page").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(canon(&parsed), "https://example.com/page");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn each_graph_node_canonical_is_invokable() {
+        let g = build_graph();
+        let empty = Context::default();
+        for (id, node) in &g.nodes {
+            let _ = (node.canonical)(&empty);
+            let _ = id;
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn reddit_double_listing_suffix_both_absorbed() {
+        let p = test_parts("reddit.com", &["r", "rust", "hot", "new"], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("reddit_subreddit"));
+        assert_eq!(canon(&p), "https://reddit.com/r/rust");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn youtu_be_empty_path_stays_at_entry() {
+        let p = test_parts("youtu.be", &[], &[]);
+        assert_eq!(terminal(&p), Some("youtu_be_entry"));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/server/src/url_rules/graph_builder.rs b/server/src/url_rules/graph_builder.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..243204ad5ca514fff459057956080cacb5bf38e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/url_rules/graph_builder.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+//! Declarative construction of the URL graph with build-time link validation.
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use super::graph::{CanonicalFn, Edge, EdgePattern, Graph, Node};
+
+pub struct GraphBuilder {
+    nodes: HashMap<&'static str, Node>,
+    current: Option<&'static str>,
+}
+
+impl GraphBuilder {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            nodes: HashMap::new(),
+            current: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn node(mut self, id: &'static str) -> Self {
+        self.nodes.entry(id).or_insert_with(Node::empty);
+        self.current = Some(id);
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn canonical(mut self, f: CanonicalFn) -> Self {
+        let id = self.current.expect("canonical() without node()");
+        self.nodes.get_mut(id).expect("node missing").canonical = f;
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn parent(mut self, parent_id: &'static str) -> Self {
+        let id = self.current.expect("parent() without node()");
+        self.nodes.get_mut(id).expect("node missing").parent = Some(parent_id);
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn edge(mut self, pattern: EdgePattern, target: &'static str) -> Self {
+        let id = self.current.expect("edge() without node()");
+        self.nodes
+            .get_mut(id)
+            .expect("node missing")
+            .edges
+            .push(Edge { pattern, target });
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub fn build(self) -> Graph {
+        for (id, node) in &self.nodes {
+            if let Some(parent) = node.parent {
+                assert!(
+                    self.nodes.contains_key(parent),
+                    "node {id}: parent {parent} does not exist"
+                );
+            }
+            for edge in &node.edges {
+                if !matches!(
+                    edge.pattern,
+                    EdgePattern::AbsorbAny | EdgePattern::AbsorbIf(_)
+                ) {
+                    assert!(
+                        self.nodes.contains_key(edge.target),
+                        "node {id}: edge target {} does not exist",
+                        edge.target
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        Graph {
+            nodes: self.nodes,
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/server/src/url_rules/mod.rs b/server/src/url_rules/mod.rs
index 9e1445346ce77a49dd6a7e7713bf9c57aef353cc..ba4ac662acc7bd4d50ee34613eb7eb6fccbfb17b 100644
--- a/server/src/url_rules/mod.rs
+++ b/server/src/url_rules/mod.rs
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 //! URL canonicalization and hierarchy via a semantic graph (DFA + generic fallback).
 
 mod graph;
+mod graph_builder;
 mod parse;
 mod registry;
 
diff --git a/server/src/url_rules/parse.rs b/server/src/url_rules/parse.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..19d0c82feb718817168b8b445fcbfa39cf6aa6ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/url_rules/parse.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+//! Parse raw strings into host, path segments, and query (order-independent).
+
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
+use url::Url;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub struct UrlParts {
+    pub scheme: String,
+    pub host: String,
+    pub path_segments: Vec<String>,
+    pub query: HashMap<String, String>,
+}
+
+impl UrlParts {
+    pub fn parse(raw: &str) -> Option<Self> {
+        let trimmed = raw.trim();
+        if trimmed.is_empty() {
+            return None;
+        }
+
+        let with_scheme = if trimmed.contains("://") {
+            trimmed.to_string()
+        } else if trimmed.starts_with("r/") || trimmed.starts_with("/r/") {
+            let rest = trimmed.trim_start_matches('/').trim_start_matches("r/");
+            format!("https://reddit.com/r/{rest}")
+        } else if trimmed.contains('.') && !trimmed.starts_with('/') {
+            format!("https://{trimmed}")
+        } else {
+            trimmed.to_string()
+        };
+
+        let url = Url::parse(&with_scheme).ok()?;
+        let host = url.host_str()?.to_string();
+        let path_segments: Vec<String> = url
+            .path_segments()
+            .map(|segs| segs.filter(|s| !s.is_empty()).map(str::to_string).collect())
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        let mut query = HashMap::new();
+        for (k, v) in url.query_pairs() {
+            query.insert(k.into_owned(), v.into_owned());
+        }
+
+        Some(Self {
+            scheme: url.scheme().to_string(),
+            path_segments,
+            query,
+            host,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Host normalized for graph entry matching (lowercase, aliases).
+    pub fn match_host(&self) -> String {
+        normalize_match_host(&self.host)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn normalize_match_host(host: &str) -> String {
+    let h = host
+        .strip_prefix("www.")
+        .unwrap_or(host)
+        .to_ascii_lowercase();
+    match h.as_str() {
+        "old.reddit.com" | "new.reddit.com" => "reddit.com".to_string(),
+        "m.youtube.com" => "youtube.com".to_string(),
+        _ => h,
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn strip_tracking_query(query: &mut HashMap<String, String>) {
+    query.retain(|k, _| {
+        let lower = k.to_ascii_lowercase();
+        !(lower.starts_with("utm_")
+            || matches!(
+                lower.as_str(),
+                "fbclid" | "gclid" | "ref" | "ref_src" | "ref_source" | "mc_cid" | "mc_eid"
+            ))
+    });
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub(crate) fn test_parts(host: &str, segs: &[&str], query: &[(&str, &str)]) -> UrlParts {
+    UrlParts {
+        scheme: "https".to_string(),
+        host: host.to_string(),
+        path_segments: segs.iter().map(|s| (*s).to_string()).collect(),
+        query: query
+            .iter()
+            .map(|(k, v)| (k.to_string(), v.to_string()))
+            .collect(),
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_full_url_splits_host_path_query() {
+        let p = UrlParts::parse("https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abc&t=4").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(p.host, "www.youtube.com");
+        assert_eq!(p.path_segments, vec!["watch"]);
+        assert_eq!(p.query.get("v").map(String::as_str), Some("abc"));
+        assert_eq!(p.query.get("t").map(String::as_str), Some("4"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_r_shortcut_expands_to_reddit() {
+        let p = UrlParts::parse("r/rust").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(p.match_host(), "reddit.com");
+        assert_eq!(p.path_segments, vec!["r", "rust"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_slash_r_shortcut() {
+        let p = UrlParts::parse("/r/aww").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(p.path_segments, vec!["r", "aww"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_schemeless_host_path() {
+        let p = UrlParts::parse("reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa/slug").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(p.match_host(), "reddit.com");
+        assert_eq!(
+            p.path_segments,
+            vec!["r", "rust", "comments", "aaa", "slug"]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_empty_returns_none() {
+        assert!(UrlParts::parse("").is_none());
+        assert!(UrlParts::parse("   ").is_none());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_match_host_reddit_aliases() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_match_host("old.reddit.com"), "reddit.com");
+        assert_eq!(normalize_match_host("NEW.reddit.com"), "reddit.com");
+        assert_eq!(normalize_match_host("www.reddit.com"), "reddit.com");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn normalize_match_host_youtube_aliases() {
+        assert_eq!(normalize_match_host("m.youtube.com"), "youtube.com");
+        assert_eq!(normalize_match_host("www.youtube.com"), "youtube.com");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn strip_tracking_query_removes_known_params() {
+        let mut q = HashMap::from([
+            ("v".into(), "1".into()),
+            ("utm_source".into(), "x".into()),
+            ("fbclid".into(), "y".into()),
+            ("ref".into(), "z".into()),
+        ]);
+        strip_tracking_query(&mut q);
+        assert_eq!(q.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(q.get("v").map(String::as_str), Some("1"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn strip_tracking_query_utm_prefix() {
+        let mut q = HashMap::from([("utm_campaign".into(), "email".into())]);
+        strip_tracking_query(&mut q);
+        assert!(q.is_empty());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/server/src/url_rules/registry_tests.rs b/server/src/url_rules/registry_tests.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7b76b550f808f590e011469fdae02adf603b43d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/url_rules/registry_tests.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+//! End-to-end tests for the public registry API (`canonicalize_raw`, breadcrumbs, parent).
+
+use super::registry::{
+    canonicalize_raw, looks_like_url, navigable_breadcrumbs, parent_url, resolve_id,
+};
+
+fn canon(raw: &str) -> String {
+    canonicalize_raw(raw).unwrap().canonical
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn looks_like_url_positive_cases() {
+    for raw in [
+        "https://reddit.com/r/rust",
+        "r/rust",
+        "/r/aww",
+        "reddit.com/r/x",
+        "www.example.com/path",
+        "youtu.be/abc",
+    ] {
+        assert!(looks_like_url(raw), "{raw}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn looks_like_url_negative_cases() {
+    for raw in ["alpha", "beta", "", "hello world", "no-dots"] {
+        assert!(!looks_like_url(raw), "{raw}");
+    }
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn resolve_id_matches_canonicalize_raw() {
+    let raw = "https://youtu.be/xyz";
+    assert_eq!(
+        resolve_id(raw).as_deref(),
+        Some(canon(raw).as_str())
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn canonicalize_empty_returns_none() {
+    assert!(canonicalize_raw("").is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn alias_when_slug_stripped() {
+    let r = canonicalize_raw(
+        "https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa/very_long_title_slug",
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r.canonical, "https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa");
+    assert!(r.alias_of.is_some());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn alias_none_when_already_canonical() {
+    let raw = "https://reddit.com/r/rust";
+    let r = canonicalize_raw(raw).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(r.canonical, raw);
+    assert!(r.alias_of.is_none());
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn parent_url_subreddit_under_r_hub() {
+    assert_eq!(
+        parent_url("https://reddit.com/r/movies").as_deref(),
+        Some("https://reddit.com/r")
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn parent_url_domain_has_none() {
+    assert_eq!(parent_url("https://reddit.com").as_deref(), None);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn parent_url_generic_site() {
+    assert_eq!(
+        parent_url("https://example.com/a/b").as_deref(),
+        Some("https://example.com/a")
+    );
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn breadcrumbs_from_canonical_string_roundtrip() {
+    let id = "https://reddit.com/r/golang/comments/abc123";
+    let crumbs = navigable_breadcrumbs(id);
+    assert_eq!(crumbs.last().map(String::as_str), Some(id));
+}
+
+// --- Table: Reddit raw URLs → canonical ---
+
+#[test]
+fn reddit_canonical_matrix() {
+    let cases: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+        ("r/rust", "https://reddit.com/r/rust"),
+        ("/r/aww", "https://reddit.com/r/aww"),
+        ("https://reddit.com/r/rust", "https://reddit.com/r/rust"),
+        (
+            "https://www.reddit.com/r/programming/new",
+            "https://reddit.com/r/programming",
+        ),
+        (
+            "https://old.reddit.com/r/test/comments/xyz/slug/",
+            "https://reddit.com/r/test/comments/xyz",
+        ),
+        (
+            "reddit.com/r/Movies/comments/abc/Title_Case_Slug",
+            "https://reddit.com/r/movies/comments/abc",
+        ),
+    ];
+    for (raw, want) in cases {
+        assert_eq!(canon(raw), *want, "raw={raw}");
+    }
+}
+
+// --- Table: YouTube raw URLs → canonical ---
+
+#[test]
+fn youtube_canonical_matrix() {
+    let cases: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+        (
+            "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc",
+            "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc",
+        ),
+        (
+            "https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abc&t=1&feature=share",
+            "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc",
+        ),
+        ("https://youtu.be/abc", "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc"),
+        (
+            "https://youtube.com/shorts/abc",
+            "https://youtube.com/watch?v=abc",
+        ),
+    ];
+    for (raw, want) in cases {
+        assert_eq!(canon(raw), *want, "raw={raw}");
+    }
+}
+
+// --- Table: generic sites ---
+
+#[test]
+fn generic_canonical_matrix() {
+    let cases: &[(&str, &str)] = &[
+        (
+            "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38472",
+            "https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=38472",
+        ),
+        (
+            "https://www.github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/1?utm_source=x",
+            "https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/1",
+        ),
+        ("https://example.com", "https://example.com"),
+    ];
+    for (raw, want) in cases {
+        assert_eq!(canon(raw), *want, "raw={raw}");
+    }
+}
+
+// --- Phantom /comments/ regression (sorter2-specific) ---
+
+#[test]
+fn phantom_comments_not_in_breadcrumbs_for_post() {
+    let crumbs = navigable_breadcrumbs("https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa");
+    assert!(!crumbs.iter().any(|c| c.ends_with("/comments")));
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn phantom_comments_not_sibling_of_subreddit_in_breadcrumb_chain() {
+    let crumbs = navigable_breadcrumbs("https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa");
+    let subs: Vec<_> = crumbs
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|c| c.contains("/r/rust") && !c.contains("/comments/"))
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(subs, vec!["https://reddit.com/r/rust"]);
+}
+
+// --- Distinct items must stay distinct ---
+
+#[test]
+fn different_posts_different_canonical() {
+    let a = canon("https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/aaa");
+    let b = canon("https://reddit.com/r/rust/comments/bbb");
+    assert_ne!(a, b);
+}
+
+#[test]
+fn different_subreddits_different_canonical() {
+    assert_ne!(
+        canon("https://reddit.com/r/rust"),
+        canon("https://reddit.com/r/golang")
+    );
+}


Side B — contributor: tommy-mor
Side B — commit message:
[23c8134e] Fix /-/ external garden index; resolvers/ + GitHub import cards (#150)

* Fix external garden root listing; add resolvers/ with GitHub cards

The public and room external index pages queried children of a bogus
https://./ parent, so /-/ always looked empty. Collect host-only https
roots from all Web items and item_children edges so ghost parents from
add_child_edge appear.

Move GitHub resolver into server/src/resolvers/ with default_external.rs
and a try_render_resolver_item_body hook. Resolver ingests now store
slug-github-card fenced JSON; render_item_body_in_scope shows a small
GitHub article card (with legacy support for schema-less json fences on
github.com URLs). Styling in theme_default.css; agents.md updated.

Co-authored-by: tommy <thmorriss@gmail.com>

* Vote compare: GitHub cards in columns, layout CSS, tests

Pass item_bodies into vote_compare_item_card for linkified tooltips on
non-card bodies; clone item_bodies before dropping reducer read guard.

Add layout rules so rich cards sit in the grid corners (default + retro).

Unit test on vote_compare_item_card; integration GET /vote/compare with
ingested slug-github-card bodies. agents.md clarifies compare columns.

Co-authored-by: tommy <thmorriss@gmail.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Cursor Agent <cursoragent@cursor.com>

Side B — unified diff (full patch):
diff --git a/agents.md b/agents.md
index 7508234d9b04223d0e64cfe69fedbebd06a256b5..d8b801e454fdf37e7ac6038b91a69f83b0746d59 100644
--- a/agents.md
+++ b/agents.md
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ Strict **CSP** that blocks `eval` would break the current app. Other projects ma
 
 - **`VoteComparePost`:** On success returns **`text/javascript`** that **morphs** **`#vote-edge-history-region`** (recomputed **`<ul>`** — ratios match **`left`/`right`** query order, bullets, sorted by strength toward **`left`** then newer) and **`.vote-compare-nav`** (fresh next-pair link). The compare **`GET`** page uses **`layout_full_bleed_chromeless`** (no breadcrumbs, no **`#controls`**, no **`slug-pin-hud`**; **`view-vote-compare-fullscreen`** full-width **`body`**). **`__rpc__`** carries **`form_action: "/ui"`**; **`thread_tag`** and ratio fields come from the same form as **`$form`** holes.
 
-- **`ResolveExternal`:** GitHub resolver buttons are browser actions through **`POST /ui`**. Success responses morph **`#external-resolver-status`** then redirect to the sanitized shareable **`GET`** page so imported children render through the normal page path; errors morph the same status region. Resolver results are durable system ingests, while cooldown state is RAM-only.
+- **`ResolveExternal`:** GitHub resolver buttons are browser actions through **`POST /ui`**. Success responses morph **`#external-resolver-status`** then redirect to the sanitized shareable **`GET`** page so imported children render through the normal page path; errors morph the same status region. Resolver results are durable system ingests, while cooldown state is RAM-only. Implementation lives under **`server/src/resolvers/`** (GitHub resolver + import card JSON); ontology item pages and the **`GET /vote/compare`** left/right columns use **`render_item_body_in_scope`** in **`server/src/html/mod.rs`**, which calls **`server/src/resolvers/mod.rs::try_render_resolver_item_body`** before falling back to the usual **`<pre>`** linkified view.
 
 - **Garden pin / compare voting:** Cookie **`slug_garden_pin`** via **`set_garden_pin`**. Pairwise UI: **`GET /vote/compare?…`** / **`GET /r/:room_key/vote/compare?…`** (fullscreen **`GET`** page: no HUD; other garden pages). HUD (**`#slug-pin-hud`**): only when **`layout`** passes garden metadata on **`body`**; the label is **`POST /ui`** **`set_garden_pin`** **`clear:true`** (**`slug_ui.js`**), not a permalink to the item.
 
diff --git a/server/src/api/ui_html.rs b/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
index 4b0214d18b173cd506d09176104f461dc4c4f208..c9eb8e242072e41fcf70da838bdf02dd4c838db8 100644
--- a/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
+++ b/server/src/api/ui_html.rs
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use crate::{
         rpc::{rpc_post_redact, rpc_post_with_bearer, rpc_room_delete},
     },
     canonical_path::canonicalize_tag,
-    external_resolver::resolve_github_children,
+    resolvers::resolve_github_children,
     html::vote_compare_post_success_js,
     html::{
         external_resolver_status_markup, fragment_new_thread_slot, login_to_post_hint_markup,
diff --git a/server/src/external_resolver.rs b/server/src/external_resolver.rs
deleted file mode 100644
index a5812250fed7613950b5417f396f886a55fafccf..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
--- a/server/src/external_resolver.rs
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,630 +0,0 @@
-use async_trait::async_trait;
-use serde_json::Value;
-use tokio::sync::oneshot;
-
-use crate::{path_types::ItemId, state::AppState, write_cmd::WriteCmd};
-
-const GITHUB_SYSTEM_PRINCIPAL: &str = "system:github-resolver";
-const GITHUB_RESOLVER_COOLDOWN_MS: i64 = 15_000;
-const GITHUB_MAX_PAGES: usize = 3;
-
-fn now_ms() -> i64 {
-    use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
-    SystemTime::now()
-        .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
-        .unwrap_or_default()
-        .as_millis() as i64
-}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct ResolvedChild {
-    pub url: String,
-    pub title: String,
-    pub body: Option<String>,
-}
-
-#[async_trait]
-pub trait ExternalResolver: Send + Sync {
-    /// e.g. `"github.com"`
-    fn domain_match(&self) -> &'static str;
-
-    /// Normalizes URLs (e.g. stripping fragments); extend per-domain later.
-    fn normalize(&self, path: &str) -> String;
-
-    /// Fetches body when missing; GitHub hook lands here in a follow-up.
-    async fn fetch_body(&self, item: &ItemId) -> Result<String, String>;
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone)]
-pub struct GitHubResolver {
-    client: reqwest::Client,
-    api_base_url: String,
-    token: Option<String>,
-}
-
-impl GitHubResolver {
-    pub fn from_env() -> Self {
-        let api_base_url = std::env::var("SLUG_GITHUB_API_BASE_URL")
-            .ok()
-            .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
-            .unwrap_or_else(|| "https://api.github.com".to_string());
-        let token = std::env::var("SLUG_GITHUB_TOKEN")
-            .ok()
-            .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty());
-        Self {
-            client: reqwest::Client::new(),
-            api_base_url: api_base_url.trim_end_matches('/').to_string(),
-            token,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn can_resolve_children(&self, item: &ItemId) -> bool {
-        github_segments(item).is_some()
-    }
-
-    pub async fn list_children(&self, item: &ItemId) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
-        let segments = github_segments(item).ok_or_else(|| "not a GitHub URL".to_string())?;
-        match segments.as_slice() {
-            [] => Ok(vec![]),
-            [owner] => self.list_repos(owner).await,
-            [owner, repo] => Ok(github_repo_sections(owner, repo)),
-            [owner, repo, section] if section == "issues" => self.list_issues(owner, repo).await,
-            [owner, repo, section] if section == "pulls" => self.list_pulls(owner, repo).await,
-            [owner, repo, section] if section == "commits" => self.list_commits(owner, repo).await,
-            [owner, repo, section] if section == "releases" => {
-                self.list_releases(owner, repo).await
-            }
-            _ => Ok(vec![]),
-        }
-    }
-
-    async fn get_json(&self, path: &str) -> Result<Value, String> {
-        let url = format!("{}/{}", self.api_base_url, path.trim_start_matches('/'));
-        let mut req = self
-            .client
-            .get(url)
-            .header(reqwest::header::USER_AGENT, "slugsocial-github-resolver");
-        if let Some(token) = &self.token {
-            req = req.bearer_auth(token);
-        }
-        let resp = req
-            .send()
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| format!("GitHub request failed: {e}"))?;
-        let status = resp.status();
-        if !status.is_success() {
-            return Err(format!("GitHub request returned {status}"));
-        }
-        resp.json::<Value>()
-            .await
-            .map_err(|e| format!("GitHub response JSON failed: {e}"))
-    }
-
-    async fn get_json_array_pages(&self, path: &str) -> Result<Vec<Value>, String> {
-        let sep = if path.contains('?') { '&' } else { '?' };
-        let mut out = Vec::new();
-        for page in 1..=GITHUB_MAX_PAGES {
-            let value = self.get_json(&format!("{path}{sep}page={page}")).await?;
-            let arr = value
-                .as_array()
-                .ok_or_else(|| "GitHub paged response was not an array".to_string())?;
-            let n = arr.len();
-            out.extend(arr.iter().cloned());
-            if n < 100 {
-                break;
-            }
-        }
-        Ok(out)
-    }
-
-    async fn list_repos(&self, owner: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
-        let arr = self
-            .get_json_array_pages(&format!(
-                "/users/{owner}/repos?per_page=100&sort=updated&type=owner"
-            ))
-            .await?;
-        let mut out = Vec::new();
-        for repo in &arr {
-            let name = repo
-                .get("name")
-                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-                .unwrap_or_default();
-            if name.is_empty() {
-                continue;
-            }
-            let full_name = repo
-                .get("full_name")
-                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-                .map(|s| s.to_ascii_lowercase())
-                .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("{owner}/{name}").to_ascii_lowercase());
-            out.push(ResolvedChild {
-                url: format!("https://github.com/{full_name}"),
-                title: full_name.clone(),
-                body: Some(github_repo_body(repo)),
-            });
-        }
-        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
-        Ok(out)
-    }
-
-    async fn list_issues(&self, owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
-        let arr = self
-            .get_json_array_pages(&format!(
-                "/repos/{owner}/{repo}/issues?state=open&per_page=100"
-            ))
-            .await?;
-        let mut out = Vec::new();
-        for issue in &arr {
-            if issue.get("pull_request").is_some() {
-                continue;
-            }
-            let Some(number) = issue.get("number").and_then(|v| v.as_i64()) else {
-                continue;
-            };
-            let title = issue
-                .get("title")
-                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-                .unwrap_or("Untitled issue");
-            out.push(ResolvedChild {
-                url: format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/issues/{number}"),
-                title: format!("#{number} {title}"),
-                body: Some(github_issue_body(issue, "issue")),
-            });
-        }
-        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
-        Ok(out)
-    }
-
-    async fn list_pulls(&self, owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
-        let arr = self
-            .get_json_array_pages(&format!(
-                "/repos/{owner}/{repo}/pulls?state=open&per_page=100"
-            ))
-            .await?;
-        let mut out = Vec::new();
-        for pull in &arr {
-            let Some(number) = pull.get("number").and_then(|v| v.as_i64()) else {
-                continue;
-            };
-            let title = pull
-                .get("title")
-                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-                .unwrap_or("Untitled pull request");
-            out.push(ResolvedChild {
-                url: format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/pulls/{number}"),
-                title: format!("#{number} {title}"),
-                body: Some(github_issue_body(pull, "pull request")),
-            });
-        }
-        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
-        Ok(out)
-    }
-
-    async fn list_commits(&self, owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
-        let arr = self
-            .get_json_array_pages(&format!("/repos/{owner}/{repo}/commits?per_page=100"))
-            .await?;
-        let mut out = Vec::new();
-        for commit in &arr {
-            let Some(sha) = github_string(commit, "sha") else {
-                continue;
-            };
-            let short = sha.chars().take(7).collect::<String>();
-            let title = commit
-                .get("commit")
-                .and_then(|c| c.get("message"))
-                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-                .and_then(|m| m.lines().next())
-                .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
-                .unwrap_or("commit");
-            let url = github_string(commit, "html_url")
-                .map(|s| s.to_string())
-                .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/commit/{sha}"));
-            out.push(ResolvedChild {
-                url,
-                title: format!("{short} {title}"),
-                body: Some(github_commit_body(commit)),
-            });
-        }
-        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
-        Ok(out)
-    }
-
-    async fn list_releases(&self, owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
-        let arr = self
-            .get_json_array_pages(&format!("/repos/{owner}/{repo}/releases?per_page=100"))
-            .await?;
-        let mut out = Vec::new();
-        for release in &arr {
-            let Some(tag) = github_string(release, "tag_name") else {
-                continue;
-            };
-            let title = github_string(release, "name").unwrap_or(tag);
-            let url = github_string(release, "html_url")
-                .map(|s| s.to_string())
-                .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/releases/tag/{tag}"));
-            out.push(ResolvedChild {
-                url,
-                title: title.to_string(),
-                body: Some(github_release_body(release)),
-            });
-        }
-        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
-        Ok(out)
-    }
-}
-
-fn github_segments(item: &ItemId) -> Option<Vec<String>> {
-    let url = url::Url::parse(item.as_str()).ok()?;
-    if url.host_str()?.eq_ignore_ascii_case("github.com") {
-        Some(
-            url.path_segments()
-                .map(|segments| {
-                    segments
-                        .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
-                        .map(|s| s.to_ascii_lowercase())
-                        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
-                })
-                .unwrap_or_default(),
-        )
-    } else {
-        None
-    }
-}
-
-fn github_repo_sections(owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Vec<ResolvedChild> {
-    [
-        ("issues", "GitHub issues for this repository."),
-        ("pulls", "GitHub pull requests for this repository."),
-        ("commits", "GitHub commits for this repository."),
-        ("releases", "GitHub releases for this repository."),
-    ]
-    .into_iter()
-    .map(|(section, body)| ResolvedChild {
-        url: format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/{section}"),
-        title: section.to_string(),
-        body: Some(body.to_string()),
-    })
-    .collect()
-}
-
-fn resolver_thread_tag(item: &ItemId) -> String {
-    let tail = item
-        .display_path()
-        .trim_start_matches("-/")
-        .replace('/', ":")
-        .replace('?', ":");
-    format!("import:{tail}")
-}
-
-fn sanitize_body(s: &str) -> String {
-    s.replace('{', "(")
-        .replace('}', ")")
-        .replace("```", "` ` `")
-        .chars()
-        .take(4_000)
-        .collect()
-}
-
-fn github_string<'a>(value: &'a Value, key: &str) -> Option<&'a str> {
-    value
-        .get(key)
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-        .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
-}
-
-fn github_user_login(value: &Value) -> Option<&str> {
-    value
-        .get("user")
-        .and_then(|u| u.get("login"))
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-        .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
-}
-
-fn github_labels(value: &Value) -> Vec<String> {
-    value
-        .get("labels")
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
-        .into_iter()
-        .flat_map(|labels| labels.iter())
-        .filter_map(|label| label.get("name").and_then(|v| v.as_str()))
-        .filter(|name| !name.trim().is_empty())
-        .map(|name| name.to_string())
-        .collect()
-}
-
-fn github_repo_body(repo: &Value) -> String {
-    let full_name = github_string(repo, "full_name")
-        .or_else(|| github_string(repo, "name"))
-        .unwrap_or("GitHub repository");
-    let mut lines = vec![full_name.to_string()];
-    if let Some(desc) = github_string(repo, "description") {
-        lines.push(String::new());
-        lines.push(desc.to_string());
-    }
-    if let Some(url) = github_string(repo, "html_url") {
-        lines.push(String::new());
-        lines.push(format!("Source: {url}"));
-    }
-    if let Some(lang) = github_string(repo, "language") {
-        lines.push(format!("Language: {lang}"));
-    }
-    lines.join("\n")
-}
-
-fn github_issue_body(issue: &Value, kind: &str) -> String {
-    let number = issue
-        .get("number")
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_i64())
-        .map(|n| format!("#{n} "))
-        .unwrap_or_default();
-    let title = github_string(issue, "title").unwrap_or("Untitled");
-    let state = github_string(issue, "state").unwrap_or("unknown");
-    let mut lines = vec![format!("{kind} {number}{title}")];
-    lines.push(format!("State: {state}"));
-    if let Some(author) = github_user_login(issue) {
-        lines.push(format!("Author: @{author}"));
-    }
-    let labels = github_labels(issue);
-    if !labels.is_empty() {
-        lines.push(format!("Labels: {}", labels.join(", ")));
-    }
-    if let Some(url) = github_string(issue, "html_url") {
-        lines.push(format!("Source: {url}"));
-    }
-    if let Some(body) = github_string(issue, "body") {
-        lines.push(String::new());
-        lines.push(body.to_string());
-    }
-    lines.join("\n")
-}
-
-fn github_commit_body(commit: &Value) -> String {
-    let sha = github_string(commit, "sha").unwrap_or("unknown");
-    let short = sha.chars().take(7).collect::<String>();
-    let commit_obj = commit.get("commit");
-    let message = commit_obj
-        .and_then(|c| c.get("message"))
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-        .unwrap_or("commit");
-    let mut lines = vec![format!("commit {short}")];
-    if let Some(author) = commit_obj
-        .and_then(|c| c.get("author"))
-        .and_then(|a| a.get("name"))
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-        .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
-    {
-        lines.push(format!("Author: {author}"));
-    }
-    if let Some(login) = github_user_login(commit) {
-        lines.push(format!("GitHub user: @{login}"));
-    }
-    if let Some(date) = commit_obj
-        .and_then(|c| c.get("author"))
-        .and_then(|a| a.get("date"))
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
-    {
-        lines.push(format!("Date: {date}"));
-    }
-    if let Some(url) = github_string(commit, "html_url") {
-        lines.push(format!("Source: {url}"));
-    }
-    lines.push(String::new());
-    lines.push(message.to_string());
-    lines.join("\n")
-}
-
-fn github_release_body(release: &Value) -> String {
-    let tag = github_string(release, "tag_name").unwrap_or("untagged");
-    let title = github_string(release, "name").unwrap_or(tag);
-    let mut lines = vec![format!("release {title}")];
-    lines.push(format!("Tag: {tag}"));
-    if release
-        .get("draft")
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_bool())
-        .unwrap_or(false)
-    {
-        lines.push("Draft: yes".to_string());
-    }
-    if release
-        .get("prerelease")
-        .and_then(|v| v.as_bool())
-        .unwrap_or(false)
-    {
-        lines.push("Prerelease: yes".to_string());
-    }
-    if let Some(author) = github_user_login(release) {
-        lines.push(format!("Author: @{author}"));
-    }
-    if let Some(published) = github_string(release, "published_at") {
-        lines.push(format!("Published: {published}"));
-    }
-    if let Some(url) = github_string(release, "html_url") {
-        lines.push(format!("Source: {url}"));
-    }
-    if let Some(body) = github_string(release, "body") {
-        lines.push(String::new());
-        lines.push(body.to_string());
-    }
-    lines.join("\n")
-}
-
-fn children_to_dsl(children: &[ResolvedChild]) -> String {
-    let mut out = String::new();
-    for child in children {
-        let body = child
-            .body
-            .as_deref()
-            .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
-            .unwrap_or(child.title.as_str());
-        if body.trim_start().starts_with("```") {
-            out.push_str(&format!("{} {{\n{}\n}}\n\n", child.url, body.trim()));
-        } else {
-            out.push_str(&format!(
-                "{} {{\n{}\n}}\n\n",
-                child.url,
-                sanitize_body(body)
-            ));
-        }
-    }
-    out
-}
-
-pub async fn resolve_github_children(
-    state: &AppState,
-    room: &str,
-    item: &ItemId,
-) -> Result<usize, String> {
-    if !state.github_resolver.can_resolve_children(item) {
-        return Err("no GitHub resolver for this item".to_string());
-    }
-
-    let key = format!("github:{}:{}", room.trim(), item.as_str());
-    let now = now_ms();
-    {
-        let mut runs = state.resolver_runs.write().await;
-        if let Some(last) = runs.get(&key) {
-            let remaining = GITHUB_RESOLVER_COOLDOWN_MS - (now - *last);
-            if remaining > 0 {
-                return Err(format!(
-                    "GitHub resolver cooldown: try again in {}s",
-                    (remaining + 999) / 1000
-                ));
-            }
-        }
-        runs.insert(key, now);
-    }
-
-    let children = state.github_resolver.list_children(item).await?;
-    if children.is_empty() {
-        return Ok(0);
-    }
-    let text = children_to_dsl(&children);
-    let thread_tag = resolver_thread_tag(item);
-    let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
-    state
-        .write_tx
-        .send(WriteCmd::SystemIngest {
-            room: room.to_string(),
-            thread_tag,
-            text,
-            principal: GITHUB_SYSTEM_PRINCIPAL.to_string(),
-            reply: tx,
-        })
-        .await
-        .map_err(|_| "writer unavailable".to_string())?;
-    rx.await
-        .map_err(|_| "writer dropped".to_string())?
-        .map_err(|(msg, hint)| hint.map_or(msg.clone(), |h| format!("{msg}: {h}")))?;
-    Ok(children.len())
-}
-
-/// Placeholder until other domain-specific resolvers exist.
-pub struct DefaultExternalResolver;
-
-#[async_trait]
-impl ExternalResolver for DefaultExternalResolver {
-    fn domain_match(&self) -> &'static str {
-        ""
-    }
-
-    fn normalize(&self, path: &str) -> String {
-        path.to_string()
-    }
-
-    async fn fetch_body(&self, _item: &ItemId) -> Result<String, String> {
-        Err("external fetch not implemented".to_string())
-    }
-}
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-
-    #[test]
-    fn github_segments_parse_normalized_url() {
-        let item = ItemId::parse("https://github.com/Sortersocial/Slug/issues").unwrap();
-        assert_eq!(
-            github_segments(&item),
-            Some(vec![
-                "sortersocial".to_string(),
-                "slug".to_string(),
-                "issues".to_string()
-            ])
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn repo_sections_are_direct_children() {
-        let sections = github_repo_sections("sortersocial", "slug");
-        let urls: Vec<String> = sections.into_iter().map(|c| c.url).collect();
-        assert!(urls.contains(&"https://github.com/sortersocial/slug/issues".to_string()));
-        assert!(urls.contains(&"https://github.com/sortersocial/slug/pulls".to_string()));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn children_to_dsl_contains_item_bodies() {
-        let dsl = children_to_dsl(&[ResolvedChild {
-            url: "https://github.com/o/r/issues/1".into(),
-            title: "#1 title".into(),
-            body: Some("body with {braces}".into()),
-        }]);
-        assert!(dsl.contains("https://github.com/o/r/issues/1"));
-        assert!(dsl.contains("body with (braces)"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn children_to_dsl_preserves_fenced_json_bodies() {
-        let dsl = children_to_dsl(&[ResolvedChild {
-            url: "https://github.com/o/r/issues/1".into(),
-            title: "#1 title".into(),
-            body: Some("```json\n{\"test\": true}\n```".into()),
-        }]);
-        assert!(dsl.contains("https://github.com/o/r/issues/1 {\n```json"));
-        assert!(dsl.contains("{\"test\": true}"));
-        assert!(dsl.contains("```\n}\n"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn github_issue_body_is_readable_text_not_json_dump() {
-        let issue = serde_json::json!({
-            "number": 12,
-            "title": "Render children",
-            "state": "open",
-            "html_url": "https://github.com/o/r/issues/12",
-            "user": {"login": "octo"},
-            "labels": [{"name": "bug"}],
-            "body": "The issue body."
-        });
-        let body = github_issue_body(&issue, "issue");
-        assert!(body.contains("issue #12 Render children"));
-        assert!(body.contains("Author: @octo"));
-        assert!(body.contains("The issue body."));
-        assert!(!body.trim_start().starts_with("```json"));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn github_commit_and_release_bodies_are_readable() {
-        let commit = serde_json::json!({
-            "sha": "abcdef123456",
-            "html_url": "https://github.com/o/r/commit/abcdef123456",
-            "author": {"login": "octo"},
-            "commit": {
-                "message": "Fix vote page\n\nDetails here.",
-                "author": {"name": "Octo Dev", "date": "2026-05-17T00:00:00Z"}
-            }
-        });
-        let release = serde_json::json!({
-            "tag_name": "v1.2.3",
-            "name": "Release 1.2.3",
-            "html_url": "https://github.com/o/r/releases/tag/v1.2.3",
-            "author": {"login": "octo"},
-            "prerelease": true,
-            "body": "Release notes."
-        });
-        assert!(github_commit_body(&commit).contains("commit abcdef1"));
-        assert!(github_commit_body(&commit).contains("Fix vote page"));
-        assert!(github_release_body(&release).contains("release Release 1.2.3"));
-        assert!(github_release_body(&release).contains("Prerelease: yes"));
-    }
-}
diff --git a/server/src/html/garden.rs b/server/src/html/garden.rs
index 9ca66e7c5860d428e95abf5df518fc1e7b4f6332..e2dc6e5529d4a3126723d0dea75931d0738b6c83 100644
--- a/server/src/html/garden.rs
+++ b/server/src/html/garden.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ use axum_extra::extract::cookie::CookieJar;
 use maud::html;
 use serde::Deserialize;
 use serde_json::json;
-use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 
 use base64::{engine::general_purpose::URL_SAFE_NO_PAD as B64_ENGINE, Engine as _};
 
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ use crate::{
     path_types::ItemId,
     reducer::{ContentState, ReducerState, ScopeId},
     scope_rank::{
-        build_children_rankings, build_rankings_for_item_set, resolve_scope_recursive,
-        suggest_next_pair_in_pool, ChildrenRankings,
+        build_children_rankings, build_rankings_for_item_set, external_root_host_items,
+        resolve_scope_recursive, suggest_next_pair_in_pool, ChildrenRankings,
     },
     state::AppState,
     timeago,
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ use super::{
     breadcrumb_path::{ExternalOntologyPath, OntologyPath},
     cli_panel,
     forum::ThreadNav,
-    layout, layout_full_bleed_chromeless, now_ms, ratio_pct, render_linkified_with_embeds_in_scope,
+    layout, layout_full_bleed_chromeless, now_ms, ratio_pct, render_item_body_in_scope,
     theme_from_jar, theme_next_from_uri,
 };
 
@@ -358,6 +358,7 @@ fn vote_compare_item_card(
     item: &ItemId,
     body: Option<&String>,
     side_class: &str,
+    item_bodies: Option<&HashMap<ItemId, String>>,
 ) -> maud::Markup {
     html! {
         div class=(format!("vote-compare-side {side_class}")) {
@@ -366,10 +367,10 @@ fn vote_compare_item_card(
             }
             @if let Some(body) = body.filter(|b| !b.trim().is_empty()) {
                 div class="vote-compare-item-body" {
-                    (render_linkified_with_embeds_in_scope(
+                    (render_item_body_in_scope(
                         body,
                         nav.garden_root_url(),
-                        None,
+                        item_bodies,
                     ))
                 }
             } @else {
@@ -678,10 +679,11 @@ pub async fn external_garden_index(
 ) -> impl IntoResponse {
     let nav = ThreadNav::public();
     let ext_path = ExternalOntologyPath::from_input("");
-    let parent = ItemId::parse("https://.").unwrap();
     let child_rankings = {
         let reduced = state.reduced.read().await;
-        build_children_rankings(reduced.public(), &parent)
+        let content = reduced.public();
+        let hosts = external_root_host_items(content);
+        build_rankings_for_item_set(content, &hosts)
     };
 
     let url_key = canonical_view_url(&uri);
@@ -812,9 +814,11 @@ pub async fn room_external_garden_index(
         return room_not_found_page(&jar, &uri).into_response();
     }
     let ext_path = ExternalOntologyPath::from_input("");
-    let parent = ItemId::parse("https://.").unwrap();
-    let child_rankings =
-        build_children_rankings(content_for_garden_view(&reduced, &nav.scope()), &parent);
+    let child_rankings = {
+        let content = content_for_garden_view(&reduced, &nav.scope());
+        let hosts = external_root_host_items(content);
+        build_rankings_for_item_set(content, &hosts)
+    };
     drop(reduced);
 
     let url_key = canonical_view_url(&uri);
@@ -1334,7 +1338,7 @@ async fn render_scope_view(
                 }
                 @if let Some(body) = &model.body {
                     div class="ont-item-content" {
-                        (render_linkified_with_embeds_in_scope(
+                        (render_item_body_in_scope(
                             body,
                             nav.garden_root_url(),
                             Some(&scope_content.item_bodies),
@@ -1592,6 +1596,7 @@ async fn vote_compare_inner(
     let edge_history = vote_edge_history_markup(content, &left, &right);
     let left_body = content.item_bodies.get(&left).cloned();
     let right_body = content.item_bodies.get(&right).cloned();
+    let item_bodies_for_cards = content.item_bodies.clone();
     let next_pair = suggest_next_vote_pair(content, &left, &right);
     drop(reduced);
 
@@ -1623,9 +1628,21 @@ async fn vote_compare_inner(
     section class="vote-compare-shell" {
         h2 { "compare" }
         div class="vote-compare-pair" {
-            (vote_compare_item_card(&nav, &left, left_body.as_ref(), "vote-compare-left"))
+            (vote_compare_item_card(
+                &nav,
+                &left,
+                left_body.as_ref(),
+                "vote-compare-left",
+                Some(&item_bodies_for_cards),
+            ))
             span class="vote-compare-vs" { "vs" }
-            (vote_compare_item_card(&nav, &right, right_body.as_ref(), "vote-compare-right"))
+            (vote_compare_item_card(
+                &nav,
+                &right,
+                right_body.as_ref(),
+                "vote-compare-right",
+                Some(&item_bodies_for_cards),
+            ))
         }
         (vote_compare_nav_markup(&nav, next_pair.as_ref(), &left, &right, q.thread.as_deref()))
         div id="vote-edge-history-region" {
@@ -2020,6 +2037,40 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(items.contains("https://slug.social/~/topic/b"));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn vote_compare_item_card_renders_github_import_markup() {
+        use crate::html::forum::ThreadNav;
+        use super::vote_compare_item_card;
+        use crate::path_types::ItemId;
+
+        let nav = ThreadNav::public();
+        let item = ItemId::parse("https://github.com/o/r/issues/1").unwrap();
+        let json = serde_json::json!({
+            "v": 1,
+            "schema": "slug_github_import",
+            "kind": "issue",
+            "url": "https://github.com/o/r/issues/1",
+            "headline": "#1 Compare card",
+            "sublines": ["State: open"],
+        });
+        let body = format!("```slug-github-card\n{}\n```", json.to_string());
+        let html = vote_compare_item_card(
+            &nav,
+            &item,
+            Some(&body),
+            "vote-compare-left",
+            None,
+        )
+        .into_string();
+        assert!(
+            html.contains("github-import-card"),
+            "expected rich GitHub card markup, got: {html}"
+        );
+        assert!(html.contains("item-body-rich"));
+        assert!(html.contains("vote-compare-left"));
+        assert!(html.contains("#1 Compare card"));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn external_source_href_maps_youtube_path_identity_back_to_watch_url() {
         assert_eq!(
diff --git a/server/src/html/mod.rs b/server/src/html/mod.rs
index a1b929625acbd5298c0cf62f3ca0892079edcb2a..3b23e19a8b35aa4c0b0480e29de7d46ad57ab276 100644
--- a/server/src/html/mod.rs
+++ b/server/src/html/mod.rs
@@ -793,6 +793,20 @@ pub(super) fn render_linkified_with_embeds_in_scope(
     }
 }
 
+/// Item page / thread body: resolver-specific rich HTML, else linkified `<pre>` + media embeds.
+pub(super) fn render_item_body_in_scope(
+    raw: &str,
+    garden_prefix: &str,
+    item_bodies: Option<&HashMap<crate::path_types::ItemId, String>>,
+) -> Markup {
+    if let Some(m) = crate::resolvers::try_render_resolver_item_body(raw) {
+        return html! {
+            div class="item-body-rich" { (m) }
+        };
+    }
+    render_linkified_with_embeds_in_scope(raw, garden_prefix, item_bodies)
+}
+
 /// CLI strings are embedded in a single-quoted JS literal; they must never need escaping.
 fn assert_cli_panel_cmd_js_single_quote_safe(s: &str) {
     assert!(
diff --git a/server/src/lib.rs b/server/src/lib.rs
index 84e94bbec144eae77de68482385941cd2c5845eb..c1d477d21aea03aff00e6f0689b0b4379d0d68d2 100644
--- a/server/src/lib.rs
+++ b/server/src/lib.rs
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ pub mod canonical_path;
 pub mod dsl;
 pub mod event_log;
 pub mod events;
-pub mod external_resolver;
+pub mod resolvers;
 pub mod form_template;
 pub mod html;
 pub mod identity;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ pub fn create_app_state(cfg: AppConfig) -> AppState {
         write_tx,
         views,
         resolver_runs: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
-        github_resolver: Arc::new(crate::external_resolver::GitHubResolver::from_env()),
+        github_resolver: Arc::new(crate::resolvers::GitHubResolver::from_env()),
     };
     tokio::spawn(crate::api::write_actor::writer_actor(
         write_rx,
diff --git a/server/src/resolvers/default_external.rs b/server/src/resolvers/default_external.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d37c222abcee3c20b22189b2822da9e9a6ff0515
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/resolvers/default_external.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+
+use crate::path_types::ItemId;
+use super::github::ExternalResolver;
+
+/// Placeholder until other domain-specific resolvers exist.
+pub struct DefaultExternalResolver;
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl ExternalResolver for DefaultExternalResolver {
+    fn domain_match(&self) -> &'static str {
+        ""
+    }
+
+    fn normalize(&self, path: &str) -> String {
+        path.to_string()
+    }
+
+    async fn fetch_body(&self, _item: &ItemId) -> Result<String, String> {
+        Err("external fetch not implemented".to_string())
+    }
+}
diff --git a/server/src/resolvers/github.rs b/server/src/resolvers/github.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a9c0c38ff01ca5894f7dc62c1008371dacb0cf1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/resolvers/github.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,755 @@
+use async_trait::async_trait;
+use maud::html;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use serde_json::Value;
+use tokio::sync::oneshot;
+
+use crate::{path_types::ItemId, state::AppState, write_cmd::WriteCmd};
+
+pub const SLUG_GITHUB_SCHEMA: &str = "slug_github_import";
+
+const GITHUB_SYSTEM_PRINCIPAL: &str = "system:github-resolver";
+const GITHUB_RESOLVER_COOLDOWN_MS: i64 = 15_000;
+const GITHUB_MAX_PAGES: usize = 3;
+
+fn now_ms() -> i64 {
+    use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+    SystemTime::now()
+        .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+        .unwrap_or_default()
+        .as_millis() as i64
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+#[serde(rename_all = "snake_case")]
+pub enum GithubImportKind {
+    Repo,
+    RepoSection,
+    Issue,
+    Pull,
+    Commit,
+    Release,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct GithubImportCard {
+    pub v: u32,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub schema: String,
+    pub kind: GithubImportKind,
+    pub url: String,
+    pub headline: String,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub sublines: Vec<String>,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub excerpt: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl GithubImportCard {
+    fn new(kind: GithubImportKind, url: String, headline: String) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            v: 1,
+            schema: SLUG_GITHUB_SCHEMA.to_string(),
+            kind,
+            url,
+            headline,
+            sublines: Vec::new(),
+            excerpt: None,
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub struct ResolvedChild {
+    pub url: String,
+    pub title: String,
+    pub card: GithubImportCard,
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+pub trait ExternalResolver: Send + Sync {
+    /// e.g. `"github.com"`
+    fn domain_match(&self) -> &'static str;
+
+    /// Normalizes URLs (e.g. stripping fragments); extend per-domain later.
+    fn normalize(&self, path: &str) -> String;
+
+    /// Fetches body when missing; GitHub hook lands here in a follow-up.
+    async fn fetch_body(&self, item: &ItemId) -> Result<String, String>;
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone)]
+pub struct GitHubResolver {
+    client: reqwest::Client,
+    api_base_url: String,
+    token: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl GitHubResolver {
+    pub fn from_env() -> Self {
+        let api_base_url = std::env::var("SLUG_GITHUB_API_BASE_URL")
+            .ok()
+            .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| "https://api.github.com".to_string());
+        let token = std::env::var("SLUG_GITHUB_TOKEN")
+            .ok()
+            .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty());
+        Self {
+            client: reqwest::Client::new(),
+            api_base_url: api_base_url.trim_end_matches('/').to_string(),
+            token,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn can_resolve_children(&self, item: &ItemId) -> bool {
+        github_segments(item).is_some()
+    }
+
+    pub async fn list_children(&self, item: &ItemId) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
+        let segments = github_segments(item).ok_or_else(|| "not a GitHub URL".to_string())?;
+        match segments.as_slice() {
+            [] => Ok(vec![]),
+            [owner] => self.list_repos(owner).await,
+            [owner, repo] => Ok(github_repo_sections(owner, repo)),
+            [owner, repo, section] if section == "issues" => self.list_issues(owner, repo).await,
+            [owner, repo, section] if section == "pulls" => self.list_pulls(owner, repo).await,
+            [owner, repo, section] if section == "commits" => self.list_commits(owner, repo).await,
+            [owner, repo, section] if section == "releases" => {
+                self.list_releases(owner, repo).await
+            }
+            _ => Ok(vec![]),
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn get_json(&self, path: &str) -> Result<Value, String> {
+        let url = format!("{}/{}", self.api_base_url, path.trim_start_matches('/'));
+        let mut req = self
+            .client
+            .get(url)
+            .header(reqwest::header::USER_AGENT, "slugsocial-github-resolver");
+        if let Some(token) = &self.token {
+            req = req.bearer_auth(token);
+        }
+        let resp = req
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("GitHub request failed: {e}"))?;
+        let status = resp.status();
+        if !status.is_success() {
+            return Err(format!("GitHub request returned {status}"));
+        }
+        resp.json::<Value>()
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| format!("GitHub response JSON failed: {e}"))
+    }
+
+    async fn get_json_array_pages(&self, path: &str) -> Result<Vec<Value>, String> {
+        let sep = if path.contains('?') { '&' } else { '?' };
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        for page in 1..=GITHUB_MAX_PAGES {
+            let value = self.get_json(&format!("{path}{sep}page={page}")).await?;
+            let arr = value
+                .as_array()
+                .ok_or_else(|| "GitHub paged response was not an array".to_string())?;
+            let n = arr.len();
+            out.extend(arr.iter().cloned());
+            if n < 100 {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+
+    async fn list_repos(&self, owner: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
+        let arr = self
+            .get_json_array_pages(&format!(
+                "/users/{owner}/repos?per_page=100&sort=updated&type=owner"
+            ))
+            .await?;
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        for repo in &arr {
+            let name = repo
+                .get("name")
+                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                .unwrap_or_default();
+            if name.is_empty() {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let full_name = repo
+                .get("full_name")
+                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                .map(|s| s.to_ascii_lowercase())
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("{owner}/{name}").to_ascii_lowercase());
+            let url = format!("https://github.com/{full_name}");
+            let mut card = card_for_repo(repo, &url);
+            card.headline = full_name.clone();
+            out.push(ResolvedChild {
+                url,
+                title: full_name,
+                card,
+            });
+        }
+        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+
+    async fn list_issues(&self, owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
+        let arr = self
+            .get_json_array_pages(&format!(
+                "/repos/{owner}/{repo}/issues?state=open&per_page=100"
+            ))
+            .await?;
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        for issue in &arr {
+            if issue.get("pull_request").is_some() {
+                continue;
+            }
+            let Some(number) = issue.get("number").and_then(|v| v.as_i64()) else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            let title = issue
+                .get("title")
+                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                .unwrap_or("Untitled issue");
+            let url = format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/issues/{number}");
+            let card = card_for_issue(issue, &url, GithubImportKind::Issue);
+            out.push(ResolvedChild {
+                url: url.clone(),
+                title: format!("#{number} {title}"),
+                card,
+            });
+        }
+        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+
+    async fn list_pulls(&self, owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
+        let arr = self
+            .get_json_array_pages(&format!(
+                "/repos/{owner}/{repo}/pulls?state=open&per_page=100"
+            ))
+            .await?;
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        for pull in &arr {
+            let Some(number) = pull.get("number").and_then(|v| v.as_i64()) else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            let title = pull
+                .get("title")
+                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                .unwrap_or("Untitled pull request");
+            let url = format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/pulls/{number}");
+            let card = card_for_issue(pull, &url, GithubImportKind::Pull);
+            out.push(ResolvedChild {
+                url: url.clone(),
+                title: format!("#{number} {title}"),
+                card,
+            });
+        }
+        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+
+    async fn list_commits(&self, owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
+        let arr = self
+            .get_json_array_pages(&format!("/repos/{owner}/{repo}/commits?per_page=100"))
+            .await?;
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        for commit in &arr {
+            let Some(sha) = github_string(commit, "sha") else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            let short = sha.chars().take(7).collect::<String>();
+            let title = commit
+                .get("commit")
+                .and_then(|c| c.get("message"))
+                .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+                .and_then(|m| m.lines().next())
+                .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
+                .unwrap_or("commit");
+            let url = github_string(commit, "html_url")
+                .map(|s| s.to_string())
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/commit/{sha}"));
+            let card = card_for_commit(commit, &url, &short, title);
+            out.push(ResolvedChild {
+                url: url.clone(),
+                title: format!("{short} {title}"),
+                card,
+            });
+        }
+        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+
+    async fn list_releases(&self, owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Result<Vec<ResolvedChild>, String> {
+        let arr = self
+            .get_json_array_pages(&format!("/repos/{owner}/{repo}/releases?per_page=100"))
+            .await?;
+        let mut out = Vec::new();
+        for release in &arr {
+            let Some(tag) = github_string(release, "tag_name") else {
+                continue;
+            };
+            let title = github_string(release, "name").unwrap_or(tag);
+            let url = github_string(release, "html_url")
+                .map(|s| s.to_string())
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/releases/tag/{tag}"));
+            let card = card_for_release(release, &url, title);
+            out.push(ResolvedChild {
+                url: url.clone(),
+                title: title.to_string(),
+                card,
+            });
+        }
+        out.sort_by(|a, b| a.url.cmp(&b.url));
+        Ok(out)
+    }
+}
+
+fn github_segments(item: &ItemId) -> Option<Vec<String>> {
+    let url = url::Url::parse(item.as_str()).ok()?;
+    if url.host_str()?.eq_ignore_ascii_case("github.com") {
+        Some(
+            url.path_segments()
+                .map(|segments| {
+                    segments
+                        .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
+                        .map(|s| s.to_ascii_lowercase())
+                        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+                })
+                .unwrap_or_default(),
+        )
+    } else {
+        None
+    }
+}
+
+fn title_case_segment(seg: &str) -> String {
+    let mut c = seg.chars();
+    match c.next() {
+        None => String::new(),
+        Some(f) => f.to_uppercase().chain(c).collect(),
+    }
+}
+
+fn github_repo_sections(owner: &str, repo: &str) -> Vec<ResolvedChild> {
+    [
+        ("issues", "GitHub issues for this repository."),
+        ("pulls", "GitHub pull requests for this repository."),
+        ("commits", "GitHub commits for this repository."),
+        ("releases", "GitHub releases for this repository."),
+    ]
+    .into_iter()
+    .map(|(section, blurb)| {
+        let url = format!("https://github.com/{owner}/{repo}/{section}");
+        let mut card = GithubImportCard::new(
+            GithubImportKind::RepoSection,
+            url.clone(),
+            format!("{owner}/{repo} — {}", title_case_segment(section)),
+        );
+        card.excerpt = Some(blurb.to_string());
+        ResolvedChild {
+            url,
+            title: section.to_string(),
+            card,
+        }
+    })
+    .collect()
+}
+
+fn resolver_thread_tag(item: &ItemId) -> String {
+    let tail = item
+        .display_path()
+        .trim_start_matches("-/")
+        .replace('/', ":")
+        .replace('?', ":");
+    format!("import:{tail}")
+}
+
+fn children_to_dsl(children: &[ResolvedChild]) -> String {
+    let mut out = String::new();
+    for child in children {
+        let json = serde_json::to_string(&child.card).unwrap_or_else(|_| "{}".to_string());
+        let inner = format!("```slug-github-card\n{json}\n```");
+        out.push_str(&format!("{} {{\n{}\n}}\n\n", child.url, inner));
+    }
+    out
+}
+
+fn card_for_repo(repo: &Value, fallback_url: &str) -> GithubImportCard {
+    let url = github_string(repo, "html_url")
+        .map(|s| s.to_string())
+        .filter(|s| !s.is_empty())
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| fallback_url.to_string());
+    let full_name = github_string(repo, "full_name")
+        .or_else(|| github_string(repo, "name"))
+        .unwrap_or("repository");
+    let mut card = GithubImportCard::new(GithubImportKind::Repo, url, full_name.to_string());
+    if let Some(lang) = github_string(repo, "language") {
+        card.sublines.push(format!("Language: {lang}"));
+    }
+    if let Some(desc) = github_string(repo, "description") {
+        card.excerpt = Some(desc.to_string());
+    }
+    card
+}
+
+fn excerpt_from_github_body(body: Option<&str>) -> Option<String> {
+    let b = body?.trim();
+    if b.is_empty() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    let max = 1200usize;
+    if b.len() <= max {
+        Some(b.to_string())
+    } else {
+        Some(format!("{}…", b.chars().take(max).collect::<String>()))
+    }
+}
+
+fn card_for_issue(v: &Value, url: &str, kind: GithubImportKind) -> GithubImportCard {
+    let number = v.get("number").and_then(|n| n.as_i64());
+    let title = github_string(v, "title").unwrap_or("Untitled");
+    let state = github_string(v, "state").unwrap_or("unknown");
+    let headline = match number {
+        Some(n) => format!("#{n} {title}"),
+        None => title.to_string(),
+    };
+    let mut card = GithubImportCard::new(kind, url.to_string(), headline);
+    card.sublines.push(format!("State: {state}"));
+    if let Some(a) = github_user_login(v) {
+        card.sublines.push(format!("Author: @{a}"));
+    }
+    let labels = github_labels(v);
+    if !labels.is_empty() {
+        card.sublines
+            .push(format!("Labels: {}", labels.join(", ")));
+    }
+    card.excerpt = excerpt_from_github_body(github_string(v, "body"));
+    card
+}
+
+fn card_for_commit(v: &Value, url: &str, short_sha: &str, subject: &str) -> GithubImportCard {
+    let headline = format!("{short_sha} {subject}");
+    let mut card = GithubImportCard::new(GithubImportKind::Commit, url.to_string(), headline);
+    if let Some(name) = v
+        .get("commit")
+        .and_then(|c| c.get("author"))
+        .and_then(|a| a.get("name"))
+        .and_then(|n| n.as_str())
+        .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
+    {
+        card.sublines.push(format!("Author: {name}"));
+    }
+    if let Some(login) = github_user_login(v) {
+        card.sublines.push(format!("GitHub: @{login}"));
+    }
+    if let Some(date) = v
+        .get("commit")
+        .and_then(|c| c.get("author"))
+        .and_then(|a| a.get("date"))
+        .and_then(|d| d.as_str())
+    {
+        card.sublines.push(format!("Date: {date}"));
+    }
+    if let Some(msg) = v
+        .get("commit")
+        .and_then(|c| c.get("message"))
+        .and_then(|m| m.as_str())
+    {
+        card.excerpt = excerpt_from_github_body(Some(msg));
+    }
+    card
+}
+
+fn card_for_release(v: &Value, url: &str, title: &str) -> GithubImportCard {
+    let tag = github_string(v, "tag_name").unwrap_or("untagged");
+    let mut card = GithubImportCard::new(
+        GithubImportKind::Release,
+        url.to_string(),
+        format!("Release — {title}"),
+    );
+    card.sublines.push(format!("Tag: {tag}"));
+    if v.get("draft").and_then(|b| b.as_bool()).unwrap_or(false) {
+        card.sublines.push("Draft: yes".to_string());
+    }
+    if v.get("prerelease")
+        .and_then(|b| b.as_bool())
+        .unwrap_or(false)
+    {
+        card.sublines.push("Prerelease: yes".to_string());
+    }
+    if let Some(a) = github_user_login(v) {
+        card.sublines.push(format!("Author: @{a}"));
+    }
+    if let Some(pub_at) = github_string(v, "published_at") {
+        card.sublines.push(format!("Published: {pub_at}"));
+    }
+    card.excerpt = excerpt_from_github_body(github_string(v, "body"));
+    card
+}
+
+fn github_string<'a>(value: &'a Value, key: &str) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    value
+        .get(key)
+        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+        .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
+}
+
+fn github_user_login(value: &Value) -> Option<&str> {
+    value
+        .get("user")
+        .and_then(|u| u.get("login"))
+        .and_then(|v| v.as_str())
+        .filter(|s| !s.trim().is_empty())
+}
+
+fn github_labels(value: &Value) -> Vec<String> {
+    value
+        .get("labels")
+        .and_then(|v| v.as_array())
+        .into_iter()
+        .flat_map(|labels| labels.iter())
+        .filter_map(|label| label.get("name").and_then(|v| v.as_str()))
+        .filter(|name| !name.trim().is_empty())
+        .map(|name| name.to_string())
+        .collect()
+}
+
+pub async fn resolve_github_children(
+    state: &AppState,
+    room: &str,
+    item: &ItemId,
+) -> Result<usize, String> {
+    if !state.github_resolver.can_resolve_children(item) {
+        return Err("no GitHub resolver for this item".to_string());
+    }
+
+    let key = format!("github:{}:{}", room.trim(), item.as_str());
+    let now = now_ms();
+    {
+        let mut runs = state.resolver_runs.write().await;
+        if let Some(last) = runs.get(&key) {
+            let remaining = GITHUB_RESOLVER_COOLDOWN_MS - (now - *last);
+            if remaining > 0 {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "GitHub resolver cooldown: try again in {}s",
+                    (remaining + 999) / 1000
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        runs.insert(key, now);
+    }
+
+    let children = state.github_resolver.list_children(item).await?;
+    if children.is_empty() {
+        return Ok(0);
+    }
+    let text = children_to_dsl(&children);
+    let thread_tag = resolver_thread_tag(item);
+    let (tx, rx) = oneshot::channel();
+    state
+        .write_tx
+        .send(WriteCmd::SystemIngest {
+            room: room.to_string(),
+            thread_tag,
+            text,
+            principal: GITHUB_SYSTEM_PRINCIPAL.to_string(),
+            reply: tx,
+        })
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| "writer unavailable".to_string())?;
+    rx.await
+        .map_err(|_| "writer dropped".to_string())?
+        .map_err(|(msg, hint)| hint.map_or(msg.clone(), |h| format!("{msg}: {h}")))?;
+    Ok(children.len())
+}
+
+fn extract_fence<'a>(body: &'a str, lang: &str) -> Option<&'a str> {
+    let b = body.trim();
+    let prefix = format!("```{lang}");
+    let rest = b.strip_prefix(prefix.as_str())?;
+    let rest = rest
+        .strip_prefix('\n')
+        .or_else(|| rest.strip_prefix('\r'))
+        .unwrap_or(rest);
+    let end = rest.find("\n```")?;
+    Some(rest[..end].trim())
+}
+
+fn parse_github_import_from_body(body: &str) -> Option<GithubImportCard> {
+    let trimmed = body.trim();
+    if let Some(json) = extract_fence(trimmed, "slug-github-card") {
+        let c: GithubImportCard = serde_json::from_str(json).ok()?;
+        return (c.v == 1 && (c.schema.is_empty() || c.schema == SLUG_GITHUB_SCHEMA)).then_some(c);
+    }
+    if let Some(json) = extract_fence(trimmed, "json") {
+        if let Ok(c) = serde_json::from_str::<GithubImportCard>(json) {
+            if c.v == 1
+                && (c.schema == SLUG_GITHUB_SCHEMA
+                    || (c.schema.is_empty() && c.url.contains("github.com")))
+            {
+                return Some(c);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    if trimmed.starts_with('{') {
+        let c: GithubImportCard = serde_json::from_str(trimmed).ok()?;
+        return (c.v == 1
+            && (c.schema == SLUG_GITHUB_SCHEMA
+                || (c.schema.is_empty() && c.url.contains("github.com"))))
+        .then_some(c);
+    }
+    None
+}
+
+fn kind_badge(kind: &GithubImportKind) -> &'static str {
+    match kind {
+        GithubImportKind::Repo => "GitHub · repository",
+        GithubImportKind::RepoSection => "GitHub · tree",
+        GithubImportKind::Issue => "GitHub · issue",
+        GithubImportKind::Pull => "GitHub · pull request",
+        GithubImportKind::Commit => "GitHub · commit",
+        GithubImportKind::Release => "GitHub · release",
+    }
+}
+
+fn render_github_card(card: &GithubImportCard) -> maud::Markup {
+    html! {
+        article.github-import-card {
+            header.github-import-card__hdr {
+                span class="github-import-card__badge" { (kind_badge(&card.kind)) }
+                h3.github-import-card__title { (card.headline.as_str()) }
+            }
+            @if !card.sublines.is_empty() {
+                ul.github-import-card__meta {
+                    @for line in &card.sublines {
+                        li { (line.as_str()) }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            @if let Some(ex) = &card.excerpt {
+                div.github-import-card__excerpt {
+                    @for block in ex.split("\n\n") {
+                        @if !block.trim().is_empty() {
+                            p { (block) }
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            p.github-import-card__link {
+                a href=(card.url.as_str()) rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" {
+                    "Open on GitHub"
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Rich HTML for bodies that contain a [`GithubImportCard`] fence (or equivalent JSON).
+pub fn try_render_github_import_markup(raw: &str) -> Option<maud::Markup> {
+    let card = parse_github_import_from_body(raw)?;
+    Some(render_github_card(&card))
+}
+
+#[async_trait]
+impl ExternalResolver for GitHubResolver {
+    fn domain_match(&self) -> &'static str {
+        "github.com"
+    }
+
+    fn normalize(&self, path: &str) -> String {
+        path.to_string()
+    }
+
+    async fn fetch_body(&self, _item: &ItemId) -> Result<String, String> {
+        Err("GitHub fetch_body not implemented".to_string())
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[test]
+    fn github_segments_parse_normalized_url() {
+        let item = ItemId::parse("https://github.com/Sortersocial/Slug/issues").unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(
+            github_segments(&item),
+            Some(vec![
+                "sortersocial".to_string(),
+                "slug".to_string(),
+                "issues".to_string()
+            ])
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn repo_sections_are_direct_children() {
+        let sections = github_repo_sections("sortersocial", "slug");
+        let urls: Vec<String> = sections.into_iter().map(|c| c.url).collect();
+        assert!(urls.contains(&"https://github.com/sortersocial/slug/issues".to_string()));
+        assert!(urls.contains(&"https://github.com/sortersocial/slug/pulls".to_string()));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn children_to_dsl_wraps_slug_github_card() {
+        let dsl = children_to_dsl(&[ResolvedChild {
+            url: "https://github.com/o/r/issues/1".into(),
+            title: "#1 title".into(),
+            card: GithubImportCard::new(
+                GithubImportKind::Issue,
+                "https://github.com/o/r/issues/1".into(),
+                "#1 title".into(),
+            ),
+        }]);
+        assert!(dsl.contains("https://github.com/o/r/issues/1"));
+        assert!(dsl.contains("```slug-github-card"));
+        assert!(dsl.contains("\"schema\":\"slug_github_import\""));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_accepts_slug_github_fence() {
+        let card = GithubImportCard::new(
+            GithubImportKind::Repo,
+            "https://github.com/o/r".into(),
+            "o/r".into(),
+        );
+        let body = format!("```slug-github-card\n{}\n```\n", serde_json::to_string(&card).unwrap());
+        let parsed = parse_github_import_from_body(&body).expect("parses");
+        assert_eq!(parsed, card);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn parse_accepts_schema_json_fence() {
+        let card = GithubImportCard::new(
+            GithubImportKind::Issue,
+            "https://github.com/o/r/issues/2".into(),
+            "#2 hi".into(),
+        );
+        let json = serde_json::to_string(&card).unwrap();
+        let body = format!("```json\n{json}\n```");
+        let parsed = parse_github_import_from_body(&body).expect("parses json fence");
+        assert_eq!(parsed.headline, "#2 hi");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn issue_card_includes_author_and_excerpt() {
+        let issue = serde_json::json!({
+            "number": 12,
+            "title": "Render children",
+            "state": "open",
+            "html_url": "https://github.com/o/r/issues/12",
+            "user": {"login": "octo"},
+            "labels": [{"name": "bug"}],
+            "body": "The issue body."
+        });
+        let card = card_for_issue(
+            &issue,
+            "https://github.com/o/r/issues/12",
+            GithubImportKind::Issue,
+        );
+        assert!(card.sublines.iter().any(|l| l.contains("@octo")));
+        assert_eq!(card.excerpt.as_deref(), Some("The issue body.").as_deref());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/server/src/resolvers/mod.rs b/server/src/resolvers/mod.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3e4caad081acdd2f89cba9f661de43996d6470f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/server/src/resolvers/mod.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+//! Domain resolvers (GitHub, …) and matching HTML renderers for imported item bodies.
+//!
+//! Resolver output is ingested as DSL; bodies may embed a `slug-github-card` fenced JSON
+//! envelope that [`crate::html::render_item_body_in_scope`] renders instead of a raw `<pre>`.
+
+pub mod github;
+pub mod default_external;
+
+pub use default_external::DefaultExternalResolver;
+pub use github::{
+    resolve_github_children, try_render_github_import_markup, ExternalResolver, GitHubResolver,
+    GithubImportCard, GithubImportKind, ResolvedChild,
+};
+
+/// Extension point: add more `try_render_*` calls here as new resolvers ship.
+pub fn try_render_resolver_item_body(raw: &str) -> Option<maud::Markup> {
+    github::try_render_github_import_markup(raw)
+}
diff --git a/server/src/scope_rank.rs b/server/src/scope_rank.rs
index 06c560b8eff09b34896d3935d3917fb28f602bc6..2361b2be5ae6b8e1813b6b7ebd5bbf317429b6ad 100644
--- a/server/src/scope_rank.rs
+++ b/server/src/scope_rank.rs
@@ -162,6 +162,45 @@ pub fn build_children_rankings(content: &ContentState, parent: &ItemId) -> Child
     build_rankings_for_item_set(content, &items)
 }
 
+/// Host-only `https://…` roots for the external garden index (`/-/`).
+///
+/// Includes every `https://host` ancestor of any [`ItemId::Web`] item that appears in
+/// `content.items`, as a parent key in `item_children`, or as a child in `item_children`
+/// (so implied “ghost” parents created only via [`ReducerState::add_child_edge`] still show up).
+pub fn external_root_host_items(content: &ContentState) -> Vec<ItemId> {
+    let mut hosts: HashSet<ItemId> = HashSet::new();
+
+    let mut consider = |id: ItemId| {
+        let id = id.normalized_storage();
+        if !matches!(&id, ItemId::Web(_)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        let mut cur = id;
+        while let Some(p) = cur.parent() {
+            cur = p.normalized_storage();
+        }
+        if matches!(cur, ItemId::Web(_)) {
+            hosts.insert(cur);
+        }
+    };
+
+    for it in &content.items {
+        consider(it.clone());
+    }
+    for parent in content.item_children.keys() {
+        consider(parent.clone());
+    }
+    for set in content.item_children.values() {
+        for ch in set {
+            consider(ch.clone());
+        }
+    }
+
+    let mut out: Vec<ItemId> = hosts.into_iter().collect();
+    out.sort();
+    out
+}
+
 pub fn is_pair_voted_in_group(group: &GroupState, a: &ItemId, b: &ItemId) -> bool {
     let Some(&a_idx) = group.item_to_idx.get(a) else {
         return false;
@@ -305,4 +344,29 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(next.0 == c || next.1 == c);
         assert_ne!(canonical_pair(&next.0, &next.1), canonical_pair(&a, &b));
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn external_root_hosts_include_ghost_chain_hosts() {
+        use crate::reducer::ContentState;
+        let gh = ItemId::parse("https://github.com").unwrap();
+        let org = ItemId::parse("https://github.com/org").unwrap();
+        let repo = ItemId::parse("https://github.com/org/rep").unwrap();
+        let mut item_children: HashMap<ItemId, HashSet<ItemId>> = HashMap::new();
+        item_children.entry(gh.clone()).or_default().insert(org.clone());
+        item_children.entry(org.clone()).or_default().insert(repo.clone());
+        let mut items = HashSet::new();
+        items.insert(repo.clone());
+        let content = ContentState {
+            ranking_group: crate::reducer::GroupState::new(),
+            items,
+            item_bodies: HashMap::new(),
+            item_children,
+            item_votes: HashMap::new(),
+            item_snippets: HashMap::new(),
+            item_threads: HashMap::new(),
+            rank_history: HashMap::new(),
+        };
+        let roots = external_root_host_items(&content);
+        assert_eq!(roots, vec![gh]);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/server/src/state.rs b/server/src/state.rs
index 48298e2e66456268d23a6462536eb32bfeb5f29b..648ab5304764a329fcabbbbcd3782b94e3e005a8 100644
--- a/server/src/state.rs
+++ b/server/src/state.rs
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use tokio::sync::{broadcast, mpsc, RwLock};
 
 use crate::{
-    event_log::EventLog, events::ThreadCapability, external_resolver::GitHubResolver,
+    event_log::EventLog, events::ThreadCapability, resolvers::GitHubResolver,
     reducer::ReducerState, write_cmd::WriteCmd,
 };
 
diff --git a/server/static/theme_default.css b/server/static/theme_default.css
index 184e11a590e7019773f7f0abfa41e79161556c71..7ea5f502f9b0b6341ce56d60ae883479070760d6 100644
--- a/server/static/theme_default.css
+++ b/server/static/theme_default.css
@@ -1023,6 +1023,23 @@ body.view-vote-compare .vote-compare-shell > h2 {
   line-height: 1.35;
   padding: 8px 10px;
 }
+.vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich {
+  min-width: 0;
+  text-align: start;
+}
+.vote-compare-right .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  align-items: flex-end;
+}
+.vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich article.github-import-card {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: min(100%, 420px);
+}
+.vote-compare-right .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich article.github-import-card {
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
 .vote-compare-item-body-empty {
   font-size: 12px;
   margin: 8px 0 0;
@@ -1675,3 +1692,47 @@ body.view-ontology-light .rank-history-cause {
 body.view-ontology-light .rank-history-vote {
   margin-top: 6px;
 }
+
+/* GitHub resolver import cards (rich bodies on -/ garden + vote compare) */
+article.github-import-card {
+  border: 1px solid var(--lo);
+  background: var(--g2);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  padding: 12px 14px;
+  margin: 8px 0;
+  max-width: 100%;
+}
+.github-import-card__hdr {
+  margin-bottom: 6px;
+}
+.github-import-card__badge {
+  display: block;
+  font-size: 0.78em;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  margin-bottom: 4px;
+}
+.github-import-card__title {
+  margin: 0;
+  font-size: 1.05em;
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+ul.github-import-card__meta {
+  margin: 8px 0 0 1.1em;
+  padding: 0;
+  font-size: 0.9em;
+}
+.github-import-card__meta li {
+  margin: 2px 0;
+}
+.github-import-card__excerpt {
+  margin-top: 10px;
+  font-size: 0.92em;
+  white-space: pre-wrap;
+}
+.github-import-card__excerpt p {
+  margin: 6px 0;
+}
+.github-import-card__link {
+  margin-top: 12px;
+  font-size: 0.95em;
+}
diff --git a/server/static/theme_retro.css b/server/static/theme_retro.css
index 6747f59eb1ec5c335029fe92d4e5c55b3125a210..d366be6fc8e8fcbc8122b8954b1e356ee36e6bc9 100644
--- a/server/static/theme_retro.css
+++ b/server/static/theme_retro.css
@@ -278,3 +278,20 @@ body.view-ontology .vote-compare-item-body pre {
   border: 1px solid #ccc;
   padding: 0.5rem 0.65rem;
 }
+body.view-ontology .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich {
+  min-width: 0;
+  text-align: start;
+}
+body.view-ontology .vote-compare-right .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  align-items: flex-end;
+}
+body.view-ontology .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich article.github-import-card {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: min(100%, 420px);
+}
+body.view-ontology .vote-compare-right .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich article.github-import-card {
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
diff --git a/server/static/theme_retro_craft.css b/server/static/theme_retro_craft.css
index 55d984a6dd70ebeadeca7baef86b844955f1d78c..d5bc384437f05f001924630947457d416772e950 100644
--- a/server/static/theme_retro_craft.css
+++ b/server/static/theme_retro_craft.css
@@ -907,6 +907,23 @@ body.view-ontology .vote-compare-item-body pre {
   line-height: 1.35;
   padding: 0.55rem 0.65rem;
 }
+body.view-ontology .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich {
+  min-width: 0;
+  text-align: start;
+}
+body.view-ontology .vote-compare-right .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  align-items: flex-end;
+}
+body.view-ontology .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich article.github-import-card {
+  box-sizing: border-box;
+  width: 100%;
+  max-width: min(100%, 420px);
+}
+body.view-ontology .vote-compare-right .vote-compare-item-body .item-body-rich article.github-import-card {
+  margin-left: auto;
+}
 body.view-ontology .vote-compare-item-body-empty {
   font-size: 0.78rem;
   margin: 0.45rem 0 0;
diff --git a/server/tests/integration.rs b/server/tests/integration.rs
index fb0b9335440181d4d50104d37926b0b2eeeb602a..d979000292b6a39db7c7b54f2b804adb9cd39369 100644
--- a/server/tests/integration.rs
+++ b/server/tests/integration.rs
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
 use slug_types::{room_route_segment, ItemId};
 use slugsocial_server::{
     event_log::EventLog,
-    events::{Event, TokenIssued, UserRegistered},
+    events::{Event, Ingest, TokenIssued, UserRegistered},
     middleware::canonical_view_url,
     spawn_writer_actor_for_test,
     state::{AppConfig, AppState},
@@ -1614,6 +1614,71 @@ async fn test_view_counts_increment_and_display() {
     );
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_vote_compare_renders_github_import_cards() {
+    let (addr, _tmp, _log, state, _handle) = create_test_server_with_state().await;
+    let client = reqwest::Client::new();
+
+    let raw = "@00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:test:local/test\n\
+https://github.com/ghvotehi/a/issues/9 {\n\
+```slug-github-card\n\
+{\"v\":1,\"schema\":\"slug_github_import\",\"kind\":\"issue\",\"url\":\"https://github.com/ghvotehi/a/issues/9\",\"headline\":\"#9 Left corner\",\"sublines\":[\"State: open\"]}\n\
+```\n\
+}\n\
+\n\
+https://github.com/ghvotehi/a/issues/10 {\n\
+```slug-github-card\n\
+{\"v\":1,\"schema\":\"slug_github_import\",\"kind\":\"issue\",\"url\":\"https://github.com/ghvotehi/a/issues/10\",\"headline\":\"#10 Right corner\",\"sublines\":[\"State: open\"]}\n\
+```\n\
+}\n";
+
+    {
+        let mut w = state.reduced.write().await;
+        w.apply_event(Event::Ingest(Ingest {
+            ts: 10,
+            id: "ing-vote-github-cards".to_string(),
+            raw: raw.to_string(),
+            principal: "testuser".to_string(),
+            delegate: Some(
+                "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000:test:local/test".to_string(),
+            ),
+            room_id: "public".to_string(),
+            thread_tag: "gh-vote-cards".to_string(),
+        }));
+    }
+
+    let left = ItemId::parse("https://github.com/ghvotehi/a/issues/9")
+        .unwrap()
+        .normalized_storage()
+        .to_storage_string();
+    let right = ItemId::parse("https://github.com/ghvotehi/a/issues/10")
+        .unwrap()
+        .normalized_storage()
+        .to_storage_string();
+    let q = format!(
+        "/vote/compare?left={}&right={}",
+        urlencoding::encode(&left),
+        urlencoding::encode(&right)
+    );
+    let resp = client
+        .get(format!("http://{addr}{q}"))
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+    assert!(resp.status().is_success(), "{}", resp.status());
+    let body = resp.text().await.unwrap();
+    let n_cards = body.matches("github-import-card").count();
+    assert!(
+        n_cards >= 2,
+        "expected two GitHub import cards on vote compare, count={n_cards}, snippet={}",
+        body.chars().take(1500).collect::<String>()
+    );
+    assert!(body.contains("vote-compare-left"));
+    assert!(body.contains("vote-compare-right"));
+    assert!(body.contains("#9 Left corner"));
+    assert!(body.contains("#10 Right corner"));
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_search_handles_multibyte_unicode() {
     // HTML search pages are offline during the auth-v3 refactor.